Early Survival Evaluation of Trees and Shrubs for Their Adaptability Planted Under Moisture Conservation Structures at Hawi Gudina District, West Hararghe Zone, Ethiopia

Desalegn Mamo; Eshetu Ararso; Alemayhu Diriba; Shimelis Dekeba; Dulo Hussen

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajaf.20160406.12

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Early Survival Evaluation of Trees and Shrubs for Their Adaptability Planted Under Moisture Conservation Structures at Hawi Gudina District, West Hararghe Zone, Ethiopia

Desalegn Mamo, Eshetu Ararso, Alemayhu Diriba, Shimelis Dekeba, Dulo Hussen

Published in American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry (Volume 4, Issue 6)

Received: 12 July 2016 Accepted: 28 July 2016 Published: 11 November 2016

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Abstract

The ever-increasing demand for biomass energy in developing countries like Ethiopia seeks urgent attention. Tree growth depends on genetic potential of the species and environmental conditions. A study was conducted at Hawi Gudina district during 2010-2013 to evaluate early survival of different agroforestry trees/shrubs (Meliaazedarach, Moringaoleifera, Leucaena leucocephala, Grevilia robusta and Sesbania sesban) for their adaptability planted under three different moisture conservation structures. These different trees and shrubs species were planted in randomized complete block design with unequal replications. Unbalanced analysis of variance revealed that the interaction of tree/shrubs survival with planting methods was found insignificant (P>0.05) at 1, 2 and 3 years of age after transplanting. The main effect of moisture conservation structures is also not significant. But highly significant variations among species in survival rate (P<0.01) was recorded at all three years of ages. Among the species tested, Moringaoliefera and Melia azedarach showed superior performance with survival rate of 100% followed by Sesbania sesban with survival rate of 88.9%. Though there was no significant difference in survival rate of trees/shrubs with respect to different planting methods. The mean survival of seedlings planted in half-moon (80%) is higher than in normal pit (73.33%) and trench (60%) three years after establishment. Similarly, species planted in half-moon recorded relatively higher in diameter and height size followed by trench micro catchment. Moringa oliefera, Melia azedarach and Sesbania sesban with half-moon planting method, offers much promise for future use in agroforestry practices in the area and similar agro ecologies.

Published in	American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry (Volume 4, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajaf.20160406.12
Page(s)	152-155
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Half-moon, Normal Pit, Moisture, Trench, Survival Rate

References

[1]	Abebe Yadessa, Diriba Bekere and Taye Bekele. 2000. Growth performance of different multipurpose trees and shrub species at Bako, Western Oromia. pp 177-186. In: Proceeding of the Fifth Conference of the Ethiopian Society of Soil Science. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 30-31 March 2000, Ethiopian Society of Soil Science, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[2]	Anonymous.1994. Ethiopian Forestry Action Plan (EFAP). Issues and challenges for development, Vol. II. Ministry of Natural Resource and Environment Protection. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[3]	Betre Alemu, Tekeligm Mamo, Alemayehu Zewdie and Ebrahim Ahmed. 2000. Promising multipurpose tree species and their response to land form on highland Vertisols at Chefe Donsa, central highlands of Ethiopia. pp. 145-155. In: Proceeding of the Fifth Conference of the Ethiopian Society of Soil Science. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 30-31 March 2000, Ethiopian Society of Soil Science, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia,
[4]	Eldridge, K., Davidson, J., Harwood, C. and G. van Wyk. 1994. Eucalyptus Domestication and Breeding. Clarendon Press, Oxford. 288p.
[5]	Evans, J. 1996; plantation forestry in the tropics (2nd ed.). Oxford science publications. Clarendan press, Oxford.
[6]	Kahsay Berhe, Giulia Conchedda and Mohammad A. Jabbar.2001. Areas suitable for five leguminous trees and shrubs in Ethiopia: A digital data based analysis. Ethiopian Journal of Natural Resources (EJNR) 3 (1):77-97.
[7]	Mebrate Mihretu, Alemu Gezahegn and BelachewGizachew.2004. Early survival and height performance of some Australian species in field trials at Didessa, Western Ethiopia. Ethiopian Journal of Natural resources (EJNR) 6(2):253-263.
[8]	Saville, P., Julian, E., Daniel, A. and F. Jan. 1996. Plantation Silviculture in Europe. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
[9]	Steel, R. G. D and J. H. Torrie. 1980. Principles and Procedures of Statistics. McGraw Hill Book Co. New York, Umea.54p.
[10]	Zobel, B and J. Jabret. 1984. Applied Forestry Improvement. John Wiley and Sons, New York. 505p.

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Desalegn Mamo, Eshetu Ararso, Alemayhu Diriba, Shimelis Dekeba, Dulo Hussen. (2016). Early Survival Evaluation of Trees and Shrubs for Their Adaptability Planted Under Moisture Conservation Structures at Hawi Gudina District, West Hararghe Zone, Ethiopia. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 4(6), 152-155. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20160406.12

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Desalegn Mamo; Eshetu Ararso; Alemayhu Diriba; Shimelis Dekeba; Dulo Hussen. Early Survival Evaluation of Trees and Shrubs for Their Adaptability Planted Under Moisture Conservation Structures at Hawi Gudina District, West Hararghe Zone, Ethiopia. Am. J. Agric. For. 2016, 4(6), 152-155. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20160406.12

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AMA Style

Desalegn Mamo, Eshetu Ararso, Alemayhu Diriba, Shimelis Dekeba, Dulo Hussen. Early Survival Evaluation of Trees and Shrubs for Their Adaptability Planted Under Moisture Conservation Structures at Hawi Gudina District, West Hararghe Zone, Ethiopia. Am J Agric For. 2016;4(6):152-155. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20160406.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajaf.20160406.12,
  author = {Desalegn Mamo and Eshetu Ararso and Alemayhu Diriba and Shimelis Dekeba and Dulo Hussen},
  title = {Early Survival Evaluation of Trees and Shrubs for Their Adaptability Planted Under Moisture Conservation Structures at Hawi Gudina District, West Hararghe Zone, Ethiopia},
  journal = {American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry},
  volume = {4},
  number = {6},
  pages = {152-155},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaf.20160406.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20160406.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaf.20160406.12},
  abstract = {The ever-increasing demand for biomass energy in developing countries like Ethiopia seeks urgent attention. Tree growth depends on genetic potential of the species and environmental conditions. A study was conducted at Hawi Gudina district during 2010-2013 to evaluate early survival of different agroforestry trees/shrubs (Meliaazedarach, Moringaoleifera, Leucaena leucocephala, Grevilia robusta and Sesbania sesban) for their adaptability planted under three different moisture conservation structures. These different trees and shrubs species were planted in randomized complete block design with unequal replications. Unbalanced analysis of variance revealed that the interaction of tree/shrubs survival with planting methods was found insignificant (P>0.05) at 1, 2 and 3 years of age after transplanting. The main effect of moisture conservation structures is also not significant. But highly significant variations among species in survival rate (P<0.01) was recorded at all three years of ages. Among the species tested, Moringaoliefera and Melia azedarach showed superior performance with survival rate of 100% followed by Sesbania sesban with survival rate of 88.9%. Though there was no significant difference in survival rate of trees/shrubs with respect to different planting methods. The mean survival of seedlings planted in half-moon (80%) is higher than in normal pit (73.33%) and trench (60%) three years after establishment. Similarly, species planted in half-moon recorded relatively higher in diameter and height size followed by trench micro catchment. Moringa oliefera, Melia azedarach and Sesbania sesban with half-moon planting method, offers much promise for future use in agroforestry practices in the area and similar agro ecologies.},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Early Survival Evaluation of Trees and Shrubs for Their Adaptability Planted Under Moisture Conservation Structures at Hawi Gudina District, West Hararghe Zone, Ethiopia
AU  - Desalegn Mamo
AU  - Eshetu Ararso
AU  - Alemayhu Diriba
AU  - Shimelis Dekeba
AU  - Dulo Hussen
Y1  - 2016/11/11
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20160406.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaf.20160406.12
T2  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JF  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JO  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
SP  - 152
EP  - 155
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8591
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20160406.12
AB  - The ever-increasing demand for biomass energy in developing countries like Ethiopia seeks urgent attention. Tree growth depends on genetic potential of the species and environmental conditions. A study was conducted at Hawi Gudina district during 2010-2013 to evaluate early survival of different agroforestry trees/shrubs (Meliaazedarach, Moringaoleifera, Leucaena leucocephala, Grevilia robusta and Sesbania sesban) for their adaptability planted under three different moisture conservation structures. These different trees and shrubs species were planted in randomized complete block design with unequal replications. Unbalanced analysis of variance revealed that the interaction of tree/shrubs survival with planting methods was found insignificant (P>0.05) at 1, 2 and 3 years of age after transplanting. The main effect of moisture conservation structures is also not significant. But highly significant variations among species in survival rate (P<0.01) was recorded at all three years of ages. Among the species tested, Moringaoliefera and Melia azedarach showed superior performance with survival rate of 100% followed by Sesbania sesban with survival rate of 88.9%. Though there was no significant difference in survival rate of trees/shrubs with respect to different planting methods. The mean survival of seedlings planted in half-moon (80%) is higher than in normal pit (73.33%) and trench (60%) three years after establishment. Similarly, species planted in half-moon recorded relatively higher in diameter and height size followed by trench micro catchment. Moringa oliefera, Melia azedarach and Sesbania sesban with half-moon planting method, offers much promise for future use in agroforestry practices in the area and similar agro ecologies.
VL  - 4
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Desalegn Mamo

Mechara Agricultural Research Center, Mechara, Ethiopia
Eshetu Ararso

Mechara Agricultural Research Center, Mechara, Ethiopia
Alemayhu Diriba

Mechara Agricultural Research Center, Mechara, Ethiopia
Shimelis Dekeba

Mechara Agricultural Research Center, Mechara, Ethiopia
Dulo Hussen

Fiche Soil Research Center, Fiche, Ethiopia

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APA Style

Desalegn Mamo, Eshetu Ararso, Alemayhu Diriba, Shimelis Dekeba, Dulo Hussen. (2016). Early Survival Evaluation of Trees and Shrubs for Their Adaptability Planted Under Moisture Conservation Structures at Hawi Gudina District, West Hararghe Zone, Ethiopia. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 4(6), 152-155. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20160406.12

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ACS Style

Desalegn Mamo; Eshetu Ararso; Alemayhu Diriba; Shimelis Dekeba; Dulo Hussen. Early Survival Evaluation of Trees and Shrubs for Their Adaptability Planted Under Moisture Conservation Structures at Hawi Gudina District, West Hararghe Zone, Ethiopia. Am. J. Agric. For. 2016, 4(6), 152-155. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20160406.12

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AMA Style

Desalegn Mamo, Eshetu Ararso, Alemayhu Diriba, Shimelis Dekeba, Dulo Hussen. Early Survival Evaluation of Trees and Shrubs for Their Adaptability Planted Under Moisture Conservation Structures at Hawi Gudina District, West Hararghe Zone, Ethiopia. Am J Agric For. 2016;4(6):152-155. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20160406.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajaf.20160406.12,
  author = {Desalegn Mamo and Eshetu Ararso and Alemayhu Diriba and Shimelis Dekeba and Dulo Hussen},
  title = {Early Survival Evaluation of Trees and Shrubs for Their Adaptability Planted Under Moisture Conservation Structures at Hawi Gudina District, West Hararghe Zone, Ethiopia},
  journal = {American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry},
  volume = {4},
  number = {6},
  pages = {152-155},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaf.20160406.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20160406.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaf.20160406.12},
  abstract = {The ever-increasing demand for biomass energy in developing countries like Ethiopia seeks urgent attention. Tree growth depends on genetic potential of the species and environmental conditions. A study was conducted at Hawi Gudina district during 2010-2013 to evaluate early survival of different agroforestry trees/shrubs (Meliaazedarach, Moringaoleifera, Leucaena leucocephala, Grevilia robusta and Sesbania sesban) for their adaptability planted under three different moisture conservation structures. These different trees and shrubs species were planted in randomized complete block design with unequal replications. Unbalanced analysis of variance revealed that the interaction of tree/shrubs survival with planting methods was found insignificant (P>0.05) at 1, 2 and 3 years of age after transplanting. The main effect of moisture conservation structures is also not significant. But highly significant variations among species in survival rate (P<0.01) was recorded at all three years of ages. Among the species tested, Moringaoliefera and Melia azedarach showed superior performance with survival rate of 100% followed by Sesbania sesban with survival rate of 88.9%. Though there was no significant difference in survival rate of trees/shrubs with respect to different planting methods. The mean survival of seedlings planted in half-moon (80%) is higher than in normal pit (73.33%) and trench (60%) three years after establishment. Similarly, species planted in half-moon recorded relatively higher in diameter and height size followed by trench micro catchment. Moringa oliefera, Melia azedarach and Sesbania sesban with half-moon planting method, offers much promise for future use in agroforestry practices in the area and similar agro ecologies.},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Early Survival Evaluation of Trees and Shrubs for Their Adaptability Planted Under Moisture Conservation Structures at Hawi Gudina District, West Hararghe Zone, Ethiopia
AU  - Desalegn Mamo
AU  - Eshetu Ararso
AU  - Alemayhu Diriba
AU  - Shimelis Dekeba
AU  - Dulo Hussen
Y1  - 2016/11/11
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20160406.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaf.20160406.12
T2  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JF  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JO  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
SP  - 152
EP  - 155
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8591
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20160406.12
AB  - The ever-increasing demand for biomass energy in developing countries like Ethiopia seeks urgent attention. Tree growth depends on genetic potential of the species and environmental conditions. A study was conducted at Hawi Gudina district during 2010-2013 to evaluate early survival of different agroforestry trees/shrubs (Meliaazedarach, Moringaoleifera, Leucaena leucocephala, Grevilia robusta and Sesbania sesban) for their adaptability planted under three different moisture conservation structures. These different trees and shrubs species were planted in randomized complete block design with unequal replications. Unbalanced analysis of variance revealed that the interaction of tree/shrubs survival with planting methods was found insignificant (P>0.05) at 1, 2 and 3 years of age after transplanting. The main effect of moisture conservation structures is also not significant. But highly significant variations among species in survival rate (P<0.01) was recorded at all three years of ages. Among the species tested, Moringaoliefera and Melia azedarach showed superior performance with survival rate of 100% followed by Sesbania sesban with survival rate of 88.9%. Though there was no significant difference in survival rate of trees/shrubs with respect to different planting methods. The mean survival of seedlings planted in half-moon (80%) is higher than in normal pit (73.33%) and trench (60%) three years after establishment. Similarly, species planted in half-moon recorded relatively higher in diameter and height size followed by trench micro catchment. Moringa oliefera, Melia azedarach and Sesbania sesban with half-moon planting method, offers much promise for future use in agroforestry practices in the area and similar agro ecologies.
VL  - 4
IS  - 6
ER  -

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