Design of Greenhouses with High Light Transmittance: An Implementation in Two Different Conditions

Kivanc Topcuoglu; Halil Baki Unal

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajaf.20190704.15

| Peer-Reviewed

Design of Greenhouses with High Light Transmittance: An Implementation in Two Different Conditions

Kivanc Topcuoglu, Halil Baki Unal

Published in American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry (Volume 7, Issue 4)

Received: 3 July 2019 Accepted: 5 August 2019 Published: 20 August 2019

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

In periods when greenhouses need heating, heating costs can be reduced if the interior of the greenhouse receives a greater amount of sunlight. For this, the greenhouse surface slope angles need to be increase in such a way that the rays of the sun fall perpendicular to the greenhouse surface in the winter months when they are at a lower angle to the surface of the Earth. In this study, an investigation was made of greenhouse surface geometry which would allow a high level of sunlight penetration in winter conditions in the provinces of Antalya and Muğla, where greenhouse agriculture is widely practiced. The Venlo type glass greenhouse with vertical side surfaces, which is extensively used in the study area, was taken as a reference. Two different models of glass greenhouse were designed with a geometry which would increase the light penetrability of the side wall surfaces, taking account of the global radiation and the hours of sunlight for a six-month period (October to March) in each of the provinces. The geometry of the model greenhouses and the reference greenhouses was compared in terms of mean penetrability to sunlight and the energy values of the sunlight passing through. It was determined that the sunlight penetrability values of the model greenhouses were 7.86% higher than those of the reference greenhouse in Antalya province and 7.36% higher in Muğla province. These results show that the geometry of both model greenhouses was able to benefit at a higher level from the sun’s rays than fixed surface greenhouses. Greenhouses constructed according to the planned geometry will help to reduce the winter heating costs of greenhouse agriculture in mild climates similar to the study area, and help to enable greenhouse production in cooler climates. It is thought that in this way, greenhouse crop production will be possible over a wider area and throughout a longer period of the year.

Published in	American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry (Volume 7, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajaf.20190704.15
Page(s)	152-161
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Greenhouse Surface, Winter Cultivation, Solar Energy, Solar Light Transmittance

References

[1]	Akdur B., Design and simulation of insulated composite wall to heat air with solar energy, Ege University Engineering Faculty Department of Mechanical Engineering dissertation, 2012, 92 p.
[2]	Ali S. A., Modeling of some solar radiation available at different orientations of greenhouses, Misr J. Agric. Eng., 2012, 29 (3): 1181-1196.
[3]	Bayraktar Ş., http://ekonomi.haber7.com/ekonomi/haber/872837-turkiye-tarimsal-alanda-14-sirada, October 2013
[4]	Beckman W. A. and Duffie John A., Solar engineering of thermal processes, (2^nd ed.), 1991, 910 p.
[5]	Cakır U, Sahin E. Using solar greenhouses in cold climates and evaluating optimum type according to sizing, position and location: a case study. Comput Electron Agric. 2015; 117: 245‐ 257.
[6]	Cooper P. I., 1969. The absorption of solar radiation in solar stills. Solar Energy, 12 (3): 333-346
[7]	Von Elsner, B., Briassoulis D., Waaijenberg D., Mistriotis A., Von Zabeltitz C. Gratraud, J., & Suay-Cortes R., Review of structural and functional characteristics of greenhouses in European Union countries: Part I, design requirements, Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 2000, 75 (1), 1-16.
[8]	Emekli N. Y. and Büyüktaş K., Mechanical properties of greenhouse covering materials, Derim. 2006, 23 (2): 24-35.
[9]	Hemming, S., Mohammadkhani, V., Kempkes, F., Peters, A., Lieffrig, V., Harada, K. ... & Louter, C. (2018). Feasibility study thin glasses for greenhouse roof designs (No. WPR-732). Wageningen University & Research, BU Greenhouse Horticulture.
[10]	Hocagil M. M., Demirtaş B. and Keleş D., Determination of technical characteristics of and technology use in greenhouses in Mersin province, Alata Horticultural Research Institute, 2005, 49 p.
[11]	Kaynaklı Ö., Özdemir. S. ve Karamangil. M. İ., Determination of optimum thermal insulation thickness considering solar radiatıon and wall orientation, Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 2012, 27 (2): 367-374.
[12]	Kıncay O., Lecture notes. http://www.yildiz.edu.tr/~okincay dersnotu/gun-iki.pdf, 2013a
[13]	Kıncay O., Lecture notes. http://www.yildiz.edu.tr/~okincay/dersnotu/gun-uc.pdf, 2013b
[14]	Olgun, M.,. Farm Structures. Ankara University Faculty of Agriculture, 1577, 2011, 445 p.
[15]	Saltuk B., A research on the structural analysis and development of plastic greenhouses in Mersin province and its districts, Çukurova University Faculty of Agriculture Department of Farm Structures and Irrigation, dissertation, 2005, 79 p.
[16]	TUIK. http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreTablo.do?alt_id=1001, 2018.
[17]	Von Zabeltiz, C., Energy-Efficent Greenhouse Designs for Mediterranean Countries. Plasticulture, 1992, 96: 6-16.
[18]	Waaijenberg D., State-of-the-art in dutch greenhouse constructions, IMAG-DLO, Wageningen, The Netherlands, 1992, 112 p.
[19]	Yağcıoğlu A., Demir V. and Günhan T., Determination of the main greenhouse shapes and sizes to ensure maximum penetration of photosynthetically active radiation in various regions of Turkey, Ege University Research Funda, 1998, Project No: 96-ZRF-045.
[20]	Yağcıoğlu A. Demir V. and Günhan T., A Computation Procedure for Estimating the Effective Transmitted Sun Radiation into the Greenhouse - Part I, Ege University Journal of The Faculty of Agriculture, 2004, 41 (2): 143-154
[21]	Yılmaz T. Bulut H. ve Özgören. M., Total solar radiation through glass as heat gain, Çukurova Unıversity Journal of The Faculty of Engıneering and Architecture, 1996, 11 (2): 133-146.
[22]	Yüksel. A. N. Greenhouse construction technique, Hasat Publication, İstanbul, 2000, 335 p.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Kivanc Topcuoglu, Halil Baki Unal. (2019). Design of Greenhouses with High Light Transmittance: An Implementation in Two Different Conditions. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 7(4), 152-161. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20190704.15

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Kivanc Topcuoglu; Halil Baki Unal. Design of Greenhouses with High Light Transmittance: An Implementation in Two Different Conditions. Am. J. Agric. For. 2019, 7(4), 152-161. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20190704.15

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Kivanc Topcuoglu, Halil Baki Unal. Design of Greenhouses with High Light Transmittance: An Implementation in Two Different Conditions. Am J Agric For. 2019;7(4):152-161. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20190704.15

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajaf.20190704.15,
  author = {Kivanc Topcuoglu and Halil Baki Unal},
  title = {Design of Greenhouses with High Light Transmittance: An Implementation in Two Different Conditions},
  journal = {American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry},
  volume = {7},
  number = {4},
  pages = {152-161},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaf.20190704.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20190704.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaf.20190704.15},
  abstract = {In periods when greenhouses need heating, heating costs can be reduced if the interior of the greenhouse receives a greater amount of sunlight. For this, the greenhouse surface slope angles need to be increase in such a way that the rays of the sun fall perpendicular to the greenhouse surface in the winter months when they are at a lower angle to the surface of the Earth. In this study, an investigation was made of greenhouse surface geometry which would allow a high level of sunlight penetration in winter conditions in the provinces of Antalya and Muğla, where greenhouse agriculture is widely practiced. The Venlo type glass greenhouse with vertical side surfaces, which is extensively used in the study area, was taken as a reference. Two different models of glass greenhouse were designed with a geometry which would increase the light penetrability of the side wall surfaces, taking account of the global radiation and the hours of sunlight for a six-month period (October to March) in each of the provinces. The geometry of the model greenhouses and the reference greenhouses was compared in terms of mean penetrability to sunlight and the energy values of the sunlight passing through. It was determined that the sunlight penetrability values of the model greenhouses were 7.86% higher than those of the reference greenhouse in Antalya province and 7.36% higher in Muğla province. These results show that the geometry of both model greenhouses was able to benefit at a higher level from the sun’s rays than fixed surface greenhouses. Greenhouses constructed according to the planned geometry will help to reduce the winter heating costs of greenhouse agriculture in mild climates similar to the study area, and help to enable greenhouse production in cooler climates. It is thought that in this way, greenhouse crop production will be possible over a wider area and throughout a longer period of the year.},
 year = {2019}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Design of Greenhouses with High Light Transmittance: An Implementation in Two Different Conditions
AU  - Kivanc Topcuoglu
AU  - Halil Baki Unal
Y1  - 2019/08/20
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20190704.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaf.20190704.15
T2  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JF  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JO  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
SP  - 152
EP  - 161
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8591
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20190704.15
AB  - In periods when greenhouses need heating, heating costs can be reduced if the interior of the greenhouse receives a greater amount of sunlight. For this, the greenhouse surface slope angles need to be increase in such a way that the rays of the sun fall perpendicular to the greenhouse surface in the winter months when they are at a lower angle to the surface of the Earth. In this study, an investigation was made of greenhouse surface geometry which would allow a high level of sunlight penetration in winter conditions in the provinces of Antalya and Muğla, where greenhouse agriculture is widely practiced. The Venlo type glass greenhouse with vertical side surfaces, which is extensively used in the study area, was taken as a reference. Two different models of glass greenhouse were designed with a geometry which would increase the light penetrability of the side wall surfaces, taking account of the global radiation and the hours of sunlight for a six-month period (October to March) in each of the provinces. The geometry of the model greenhouses and the reference greenhouses was compared in terms of mean penetrability to sunlight and the energy values of the sunlight passing through. It was determined that the sunlight penetrability values of the model greenhouses were 7.86% higher than those of the reference greenhouse in Antalya province and 7.36% higher in Muğla province. These results show that the geometry of both model greenhouses was able to benefit at a higher level from the sun’s rays than fixed surface greenhouses. Greenhouses constructed according to the planned geometry will help to reduce the winter heating costs of greenhouse agriculture in mild climates similar to the study area, and help to enable greenhouse production in cooler climates. It is thought that in this way, greenhouse crop production will be possible over a wider area and throughout a longer period of the year.
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Kivanc Topcuoglu

Department of Construction, Mugla Vocational School Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey
Halil Baki Unal

Department of Agricultural Structures and Irrigation, Faculty of Agriculture, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Kivanc Topcuoglu, Halil Baki Unal. (2019). Design of Greenhouses with High Light Transmittance: An Implementation in Two Different Conditions. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 7(4), 152-161. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20190704.15

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Kivanc Topcuoglu; Halil Baki Unal. Design of Greenhouses with High Light Transmittance: An Implementation in Two Different Conditions. Am. J. Agric. For. 2019, 7(4), 152-161. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20190704.15

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Kivanc Topcuoglu, Halil Baki Unal. Design of Greenhouses with High Light Transmittance: An Implementation in Two Different Conditions. Am J Agric For. 2019;7(4):152-161. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20190704.15

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajaf.20190704.15,
  author = {Kivanc Topcuoglu and Halil Baki Unal},
  title = {Design of Greenhouses with High Light Transmittance: An Implementation in Two Different Conditions},
  journal = {American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry},
  volume = {7},
  number = {4},
  pages = {152-161},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaf.20190704.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20190704.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaf.20190704.15},
  abstract = {In periods when greenhouses need heating, heating costs can be reduced if the interior of the greenhouse receives a greater amount of sunlight. For this, the greenhouse surface slope angles need to be increase in such a way that the rays of the sun fall perpendicular to the greenhouse surface in the winter months when they are at a lower angle to the surface of the Earth. In this study, an investigation was made of greenhouse surface geometry which would allow a high level of sunlight penetration in winter conditions in the provinces of Antalya and Muğla, where greenhouse agriculture is widely practiced. The Venlo type glass greenhouse with vertical side surfaces, which is extensively used in the study area, was taken as a reference. Two different models of glass greenhouse were designed with a geometry which would increase the light penetrability of the side wall surfaces, taking account of the global radiation and the hours of sunlight for a six-month period (October to March) in each of the provinces. The geometry of the model greenhouses and the reference greenhouses was compared in terms of mean penetrability to sunlight and the energy values of the sunlight passing through. It was determined that the sunlight penetrability values of the model greenhouses were 7.86% higher than those of the reference greenhouse in Antalya province and 7.36% higher in Muğla province. These results show that the geometry of both model greenhouses was able to benefit at a higher level from the sun’s rays than fixed surface greenhouses. Greenhouses constructed according to the planned geometry will help to reduce the winter heating costs of greenhouse agriculture in mild climates similar to the study area, and help to enable greenhouse production in cooler climates. It is thought that in this way, greenhouse crop production will be possible over a wider area and throughout a longer period of the year.},
 year = {2019}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Design of Greenhouses with High Light Transmittance: An Implementation in Two Different Conditions
AU  - Kivanc Topcuoglu
AU  - Halil Baki Unal
Y1  - 2019/08/20
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20190704.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaf.20190704.15
T2  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JF  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JO  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
SP  - 152
EP  - 161
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8591
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20190704.15
AB  - In periods when greenhouses need heating, heating costs can be reduced if the interior of the greenhouse receives a greater amount of sunlight. For this, the greenhouse surface slope angles need to be increase in such a way that the rays of the sun fall perpendicular to the greenhouse surface in the winter months when they are at a lower angle to the surface of the Earth. In this study, an investigation was made of greenhouse surface geometry which would allow a high level of sunlight penetration in winter conditions in the provinces of Antalya and Muğla, where greenhouse agriculture is widely practiced. The Venlo type glass greenhouse with vertical side surfaces, which is extensively used in the study area, was taken as a reference. Two different models of glass greenhouse were designed with a geometry which would increase the light penetrability of the side wall surfaces, taking account of the global radiation and the hours of sunlight for a six-month period (October to March) in each of the provinces. The geometry of the model greenhouses and the reference greenhouses was compared in terms of mean penetrability to sunlight and the energy values of the sunlight passing through. It was determined that the sunlight penetrability values of the model greenhouses were 7.86% higher than those of the reference greenhouse in Antalya province and 7.36% higher in Muğla province. These results show that the geometry of both model greenhouses was able to benefit at a higher level from the sun’s rays than fixed surface greenhouses. Greenhouses constructed according to the planned geometry will help to reduce the winter heating costs of greenhouse agriculture in mild climates similar to the study area, and help to enable greenhouse production in cooler climates. It is thought that in this way, greenhouse crop production will be possible over a wider area and throughout a longer period of the year.
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download