An Evolutionary Particularity Principle for Evolutionary System of Classes of Fructophyta

Da-Li Fu

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajaf.20190705.15

| Peer-Reviewed

An Evolutionary Particularity Principle for Evolutionary System of Classes of Fructophyta

Da-Li Fu

Published in American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry (Volume 7, Issue 5)

Received: 23 August 2019 Accepted: 28 August 2019 Published: 20 September 2019

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Fructophyta D. L. Fu & H. Fu, a new division established in 2018, including all fruit or flowering plants, conventionally named as angiosperms, occupy the highest evolutionary phylum taxa and an important position in terrestrial ecosystems and human wellbeing, whose origin and evolution had always been thought as puzzling. To scientifically settle the puzzle and using the evolutionary continuity principle of new science of Evolutionomy, the author proposed that evolutionary taxa should have particularly evolutionary characters to be distinguished to the closer taxa, which could be called evolutionary particularity principle. Based on the principle, the evolutionary system of five classes of Fructophyta D. L. Fu & H. Fu can be affirmed, which is a system of dichotomous evolution. Two new classes, Leguminopsida D. L. Fu and Scutellopsida D. L. Fu, are established based on the common particularity of evolutionary characters, legume and scutellum, respectively. Three old classes are selected as Magnoliopsida Brongn., Rosopsida Batsch and Monocotyledonopsida Benth. et Hook. based on the evolutionary continuity principle, and some evolutionary characters such as flower disks, pseudanthic inflorescences, and syncarpous pistils with serrate leaves were first to be used for the class classification of Rosopsida Batsch, which will make an important advancement in the taxonomy of fruit or flowering plants. The evolutionary particularity principle is a new scientific basis for the new science of Evolutionomy, which can also scientifically overcome the limitations of partiality and subjectivity in the tree of life or phylogenetic system.

Published in	American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry (Volume 7, Issue 5) This article belongs to the Special Issue The New Evolutionary Theory & Practice
DOI	10.11648/j.ajaf.20190705.15
Page(s)	191-199
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Evolutionary Particularity Principle, Leguminopsida, Scutellopsida, New Class, Evolutionomy, Fructophyta

References

[1]	D. L. Fu and H. Fu. “An evolutionary continuity principle for evolutionary system of organism divisions”. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 60-64, 2018. DOI: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20180603.14.
[2]	H. D. Zhang, Y. H. Huang, R. H. Miao, C. X. Ye, W. B. Liao, and J. H. Jin. “Systematics of Spermatophyta”. Beijing: Science Press. 72-626, 2004. [in Chinese]
[3]	J. Hutchinson. “The families of flowering plants”. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1959.
[4]	A. L. Takhtajan. “Outline of the classification of flowering plants (Magnoliophyta)”. Bot. Rev. vol. 46 no. 3. pp. 227-359. 1980.
[5]	A. Cronquist. “An integrated system of classification of flowering plants”. New York: Columbia University Press, 1-1262, 1981.
[6]	D. Z. Li (translator). “Plant systematic, A phylogenetic approach”. Beijing: Higher Education Press. 001-496, 2012. [in Chinese]
[7]	P. S. Soltis, and D. E. Soltis. “The origin and diversification of angiosperms”. American Journal of Botany, vol. 91, no. 10, pp. 1614–1626. 2004.
[8]	L. P. Zeng, Q. Zhang, R. R. Sun, H. Z. Kong, N. Zhang, & H. Ma. “Giant viruses coexisted with the cellular ancestors and represent a distinct supergroup along with superkingdoms Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya”. Nature communications, vol. 5, pp. 4956. 2014. doi: 10.1038/ncomms5956.
[9]	J. F. Wendel, S. A. Jackson, B. C. Meyers, and R. A. Wing. “Evolution of plant genome architecture”. Genome Biol. Vol. 17, pp. 37. 2016.
[10]	T. J. Givnish, G. A. Zuluaga, D. Spalink, M. S. Gomez, V. K. Y. Lam, J. M. Saarela, C. Sass, W. J. D. Iles, D. J. L. Sousa, J. Leebens-Mack, J. C. Pires, W. B. Zomlefer, M. A. Gandolfo, J. I. Davis, D. W. Stevenson, C. Pamphilis, C. D. Specht, S. W. Graham, C. F. Barrett, and C. Ané. “Monocot plastid phylogenomics, timeline, net rates of species diversification, the power of multi - gene analyses, and a functional model for the origin of monocots”. American Journal of Botany, vol. 105, no. 11, pp. 1888-1910, 2018.
[11]	NIFI (Nanjing Institute of Forestry Industry). “Atlas of seedlings of main tree species”. Beijing: Agriculture Press, 30-228, 1978. [in Chinese]
[12]	S. W. Lu, X. S. Xu, and M. J. Shen. “Botany”. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 67-81, 1991. [in Chinese]
[13]	Z. Y. Wu, Y. C. Tang, A. M. Lu, and Z. R. Chen. “On primary subdivisions of the Magnoliophyta-----towards a new scheme for an eight-class system of classification of the angiosperms”. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica, vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 385-402, 1998. [in Chinese]
[14]	Z. Y. Wu, Y. C. Tang, A. M. Lu, Z. R. Chen, and D. Z. Li. “Synopsis of a new ‘polyphyletic-polychronic-polytopic’ system of the angiosperms”. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica, vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 289-322, 2002.
[15]	J. H. Chen, Z. H. Hao, X. M. Guang, C. X. Zhao, P. K. Wang, L. J. Xue, Q. H. Zhu, L. F. Yang, Y. Sheng, Y. W. Zhou, H. B. Xu, H. Q. Xie, X. F. Long, J. Zhang, Z. R. Wang, M. M. Shi, Y. Lu, S. Q. Liu, L. H. Guan, Q. H. Zhu, L. M. Yang, G. Song, T. L. Cheng, T. Laux, Q. Gao, Y. Peng, N. Liu, S. H. Yang, and J. S. Shi. “Liriodendron genome sheds light on angiosperm phylogeny and species–pair differentiation”. Nature Plants, vol. 5, pp. 18-25. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-018-0323-6
[16]	J. L. Reveal. “New supraordinal names and recognition of five classes in Magnoliophyta”. Phytologia, vol. 7, pp. 1-7, 1994.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Da-Li Fu. (2019). An Evolutionary Particularity Principle for Evolutionary System of Classes of Fructophyta. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 7(5), 191-199. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20190705.15

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Da-Li Fu. An Evolutionary Particularity Principle for Evolutionary System of Classes of Fructophyta. Am. J. Agric. For. 2019, 7(5), 191-199. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20190705.15

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Da-Li Fu. An Evolutionary Particularity Principle for Evolutionary System of Classes of Fructophyta. Am J Agric For. 2019;7(5):191-199. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20190705.15

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajaf.20190705.15,
  author = {Da-Li Fu},
  title = {An Evolutionary Particularity Principle for Evolutionary System of Classes of Fructophyta},
  journal = {American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry},
  volume = {7},
  number = {5},
  pages = {191-199},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaf.20190705.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20190705.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaf.20190705.15},
  abstract = {Fructophyta D. L. Fu & H. Fu, a new division established in 2018, including all fruit or flowering plants, conventionally named as angiosperms, occupy the highest evolutionary phylum taxa and an important position in terrestrial ecosystems and human wellbeing, whose origin and evolution had always been thought as puzzling. To scientifically settle the puzzle and using the evolutionary continuity principle of new science of Evolutionomy, the author proposed that evolutionary taxa should have particularly evolutionary characters to be distinguished to the closer taxa, which could be called evolutionary particularity principle. Based on the principle, the evolutionary system of five classes of Fructophyta D. L. Fu & H. Fu can be affirmed, which is a system of dichotomous evolution. Two new classes, Leguminopsida D. L. Fu and Scutellopsida D. L. Fu, are established based on the common particularity of evolutionary characters, legume and scutellum, respectively. Three old classes are selected as Magnoliopsida Brongn., Rosopsida Batsch and Monocotyledonopsida Benth. et Hook. based on the evolutionary continuity principle, and some evolutionary characters such as flower disks, pseudanthic inflorescences, and syncarpous pistils with serrate leaves were first to be used for the class classification of Rosopsida Batsch, which will make an important advancement in the taxonomy of fruit or flowering plants. The evolutionary particularity principle is a new scientific basis for the new science of Evolutionomy, which can also scientifically overcome the limitations of partiality and subjectivity in the tree of life or phylogenetic system.},
 year = {2019}
}

Copy | Download

TY - JOUR
T1 - An Evolutionary Particularity Principle for Evolutionary System of Classes of Fructophyta
AU - Da-Li Fu
Y1 - 2019/09/20
PY - 2019
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20190705.15
DO - 10.11648/j.ajaf.20190705.15
T2 - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JF - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JO - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
SP - 191
EP - 199
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2330-8591
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20190705.15
AB - Fructophyta D. L. Fu & H. Fu, a new division established in 2018, including all fruit or flowering plants, conventionally named as angiosperms, occupy the highest evolutionary phylum taxa and an important position in terrestrial ecosystems and human wellbeing, whose origin and evolution had always been thought as puzzling. To scientifically settle the puzzle and using the evolutionary continuity principle of new science of Evolutionomy, the author proposed that evolutionary taxa should have particularly evolutionary characters to be distinguished to the closer taxa, which could be called evolutionary particularity principle. Based on the principle, the evolutionary system of five classes of Fructophyta D. L. Fu & H. Fu can be affirmed, which is a system of dichotomous evolution. Two new classes, Leguminopsida D. L. Fu and Scutellopsida D. L. Fu, are established based on the common particularity of evolutionary characters, legume and scutellum, respectively. Three old classes are selected as Magnoliopsida Brongn., Rosopsida Batsch and Monocotyledonopsida Benth. et Hook. based on the evolutionary continuity principle, and some evolutionary characters such as flower disks, pseudanthic inflorescences, and syncarpous pistils with serrate leaves were first to be used for the class classification of Rosopsida Batsch, which will make an important advancement in the taxonomy of fruit or flowering plants. The evolutionary particularity principle is a new scientific basis for the new science of Evolutionomy, which can also scientifically overcome the limitations of partiality and subjectivity in the tree of life or phylogenetic system.
VL - 7
IS - 5
ER -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Da-Li Fu

Non-timber Forestry Research and Development Center, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Zhengzhou, China

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Da-Li Fu. (2019). An Evolutionary Particularity Principle for Evolutionary System of Classes of Fructophyta. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 7(5), 191-199. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20190705.15

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Da-Li Fu. An Evolutionary Particularity Principle for Evolutionary System of Classes of Fructophyta. Am. J. Agric. For. 2019, 7(5), 191-199. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20190705.15

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Da-Li Fu. An Evolutionary Particularity Principle for Evolutionary System of Classes of Fructophyta. Am J Agric For. 2019;7(5):191-199. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20190705.15

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajaf.20190705.15,
  author = {Da-Li Fu},
  title = {An Evolutionary Particularity Principle for Evolutionary System of Classes of Fructophyta},
  journal = {American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry},
  volume = {7},
  number = {5},
  pages = {191-199},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaf.20190705.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20190705.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaf.20190705.15},
  abstract = {Fructophyta D. L. Fu & H. Fu, a new division established in 2018, including all fruit or flowering plants, conventionally named as angiosperms, occupy the highest evolutionary phylum taxa and an important position in terrestrial ecosystems and human wellbeing, whose origin and evolution had always been thought as puzzling. To scientifically settle the puzzle and using the evolutionary continuity principle of new science of Evolutionomy, the author proposed that evolutionary taxa should have particularly evolutionary characters to be distinguished to the closer taxa, which could be called evolutionary particularity principle. Based on the principle, the evolutionary system of five classes of Fructophyta D. L. Fu & H. Fu can be affirmed, which is a system of dichotomous evolution. Two new classes, Leguminopsida D. L. Fu and Scutellopsida D. L. Fu, are established based on the common particularity of evolutionary characters, legume and scutellum, respectively. Three old classes are selected as Magnoliopsida Brongn., Rosopsida Batsch and Monocotyledonopsida Benth. et Hook. based on the evolutionary continuity principle, and some evolutionary characters such as flower disks, pseudanthic inflorescences, and syncarpous pistils with serrate leaves were first to be used for the class classification of Rosopsida Batsch, which will make an important advancement in the taxonomy of fruit or flowering plants. The evolutionary particularity principle is a new scientific basis for the new science of Evolutionomy, which can also scientifically overcome the limitations of partiality and subjectivity in the tree of life or phylogenetic system.},
 year = {2019}
}

Copy | Download