Determination of Optimum Phosphorus Rate for Tef (<i>Eragrostis tef/Zucc./Trotter</i>) Under Balanced Fertilization in Vertisol, East Shoa Zone, Oromia Riginal State, Ethiopia

Assefa Gonfa; Sosena Amsalu; Saba Fetene

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.12

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Determination of Optimum Phosphorus Rate for Tef (Eragrostis tef/Zucc./Trotter) Under Balanced Fertilization in Vertisol, East Shoa Zone, Oromia Riginal State, Ethiopia

Assefa Gonfa, Sosena Amsalu, Saba Fetene

Published in American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry (Volume 10, Issue 2)

Received: 20 January 2022 Accepted: 19 February 2022 Published: 9 March 2022

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Abstract

The fertilizer requirement of tef varies from agro-ecology to agro-ecology and from soil to soil. Therefore, the objective of this study was to refine optimum phosphorus rate for tef under balanced fertilization. The experiment was conducted on-farm during main cropping season for two consecutive years (2015-2016) in Vertisol at Ada’a District. The experiment had 8 treatments (six phosphorus rates each with fixed amount of N, K₂O, S, Zn and B, negative control (without fertilizer), and recommended NP (60 N+10 P) kg ha^-1). Phosphorus was applied at the rates of 0, 23, 46, 69, 92 and 115 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1 using TSP (triple super phosphate) as a source of it. Nitrogen, K₂O, S, Zn and B were applied at the rate of 92, 90, 30, 2 and 1 kg ha^-1 from urea, potassium chloride, calcium sulfate, zinc sulfate and borax penta hydrate fertilizers, respectively. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with triple replication of each treatment. The ANOVA revealed that plant height and number of tillers were highly significantly affected (P<0.05) with phosphorus application rates. The above ground biomass (AGB), grain yield (GY) and straw yield (SY) which received phosphorus rates strongly significantly affected (P<0.001) over control. The maximum grain yield was recorded at 69 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1(30 kg P ha^-1) following by 46 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1 (20 kg P ha^-1) and the results were found being 1719 and 1607 kg ha^-1, respectively. Similarly, the maximum net benefits was recorded at 69 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1 (30 kg P ha^-1) and then at 46 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1 (20 kg P ha^-1) and the amounts were found being 56035.1 and 54744.4 ETB ha^-1, respectively. However, the maximum marginal rate of return was recorded at 46 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1 (20 kg P ha^-1) and then by recommended NP with MRR 1329.5% and 306.8%, respectively. Therefore, 46 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1 (20 kg P ha^-1) could be recommended for the study site and areas having similar agro-ecology with the study area.

Published in	American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry (Volume 10, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.12
Page(s)	54-58
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Optimum, Phosphorus Rates, Refining, Balanced/Blended Fertilizer, Tef, Vertisols

References

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[13]	Patel KP, Singh MV (2009). Scenario of micro - and secondary - nutrients deficiencies and their management in soils and crops of arid and semiarid regions of Gujarat. The Proceedings of the International Plant Nutrition Colloquium XVI, Department of Plant Sciences, UC Davis, UC Davis.
[14]	Seyfu Ketema. 1993. Tef [Eragrostistef (Zucc.) Trotter]. Breeding, Genetic Resources, Agronomy, Utilization and Role in Ethiopian Agriculture. Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[15]	Tamene D, Anbessa B, Legesse TA, Dereje G., 2018. Refining Fertilizer Rate Recommendation for Maize Production Systems in Assosa, North Western Ethiopia. Adv Tech Biol Med 6: 253. doi: 10.4172/2379-1764.1000253.
[16]	Tareke Berhe, Zewdie Gebretsadik, Edwards, S. and Hailu Araya. 2011. Boosting tef productivity using improved agronomic practices and appropriate fertilizer. pp. 133-140, In: Achievements and Prospects of Tef Improvement (Kebebew Assefa, Solomon Chnayalew and Zerihun Tadele, eds.), Proceedings of the Second International Workshop, November 7–9, 2011, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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Assefa Gonfa, Sosena Amsalu, Saba Fetene. (2022). Determination of Optimum Phosphorus Rate for Tef (Eragrostis tef/Zucc./Trotter) Under Balanced Fertilization in Vertisol, East Shoa Zone, Oromia Riginal State, Ethiopia. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 10(2), 54-58. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.12

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Assefa Gonfa; Sosena Amsalu; Saba Fetene. Determination of Optimum Phosphorus Rate for Tef (Eragrostis tef/Zucc./Trotter) Under Balanced Fertilization in Vertisol, East Shoa Zone, Oromia Riginal State, Ethiopia. Am. J. Agric. For. 2022, 10(2), 54-58. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.12

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AMA Style

Assefa Gonfa, Sosena Amsalu, Saba Fetene. Determination of Optimum Phosphorus Rate for Tef (Eragrostis tef/Zucc./Trotter) Under Balanced Fertilization in Vertisol, East Shoa Zone, Oromia Riginal State, Ethiopia. Am J Agric For. 2022;10(2):54-58. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.12,
  author = {Assefa Gonfa and Sosena Amsalu and Saba Fetene},
  title = {Determination of Optimum Phosphorus Rate for Tef (Eragrostis tef/Zucc./Trotter) Under Balanced Fertilization in Vertisol, East Shoa Zone, Oromia Riginal State, Ethiopia},
  journal = {American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry},
  volume = {10},
  number = {2},
  pages = {54-58},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaf.20221002.12},
  abstract = {The fertilizer requirement of tef varies from agro-ecology to agro-ecology and from soil to soil. Therefore, the objective of this study was to refine optimum phosphorus rate for tef under balanced fertilization. The experiment was conducted on-farm during main cropping season for two consecutive years (2015-2016) in Vertisol at Ada’a District. The experiment had 8 treatments (six phosphorus rates each with fixed amount of N, K2O, S, Zn and B, negative control (without fertilizer), and recommended NP (60 N+10 P) kg ha-1). Phosphorus was applied at the rates of 0, 23, 46, 69, 92 and 115 kg P2O5 ha-1 using TSP (triple super phosphate) as a source of it. Nitrogen, K2O, S, Zn and B were applied at the rate of 92, 90, 30, 2 and 1 kg ha-1 from urea, potassium chloride, calcium sulfate, zinc sulfate and borax penta hydrate fertilizers, respectively. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with triple replication of each treatment. The ANOVA revealed that plant height and number of tillers were highly significantly affected (P2O5 ha-1 (30 kg P ha-1) following by 46 kg P2O5 ha-1 (20 kg P ha-1) and the results were found being 1719 and 1607 kg ha-1, respectively. Similarly, the maximum net benefits was recorded at 69 kg P2O5 ha-1 (30 kg P ha-1) and then at 46 kg P2O5 ha-1 (20 kg P ha-1) and the amounts were found being 56035.1 and 54744.4 ETB ha-1, respectively. However, the maximum marginal rate of return was recorded at 46 kg P2O5 ha-1 (20 kg P ha-1) and then by recommended NP with MRR 1329.5% and 306.8%, respectively. Therefore, 46 kg P2O5 ha-1 (20 kg P ha-1) could be recommended for the study site and areas having similar agro-ecology with the study area.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Determination of Optimum Phosphorus Rate for Tef (Eragrostis tef/Zucc./Trotter) Under Balanced Fertilization in Vertisol, East Shoa Zone, Oromia Riginal State, Ethiopia
AU  - Assefa Gonfa
AU  - Sosena Amsalu
AU  - Saba Fetene
Y1  - 2022/03/09
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.12
T2  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JF  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JO  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
SP  - 54
EP  - 58
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8591
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.12
AB  - The fertilizer requirement of tef varies from agro-ecology to agro-ecology and from soil to soil. Therefore, the objective of this study was to refine optimum phosphorus rate for tef under balanced fertilization. The experiment was conducted on-farm during main cropping season for two consecutive years (2015-2016) in Vertisol at Ada’a District. The experiment had 8 treatments (six phosphorus rates each with fixed amount of N, K2O, S, Zn and B, negative control (without fertilizer), and recommended NP (60 N+10 P) kg ha-1). Phosphorus was applied at the rates of 0, 23, 46, 69, 92 and 115 kg P2O5 ha-1 using TSP (triple super phosphate) as a source of it. Nitrogen, K2O, S, Zn and B were applied at the rate of 92, 90, 30, 2 and 1 kg ha-1 from urea, potassium chloride, calcium sulfate, zinc sulfate and borax penta hydrate fertilizers, respectively. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with triple replication of each treatment. The ANOVA revealed that plant height and number of tillers were highly significantly affected (P2O5 ha-1 (30 kg P ha-1) following by 46 kg P2O5 ha-1 (20 kg P ha-1) and the results were found being 1719 and 1607 kg ha-1, respectively. Similarly, the maximum net benefits was recorded at 69 kg P2O5 ha-1 (30 kg P ha-1) and then at 46 kg P2O5 ha-1 (20 kg P ha-1) and the amounts were found being 56035.1 and 54744.4 ETB ha-1, respectively. However, the maximum marginal rate of return was recorded at 46 kg P2O5 ha-1 (20 kg P ha-1) and then by recommended NP with MRR 1329.5% and 306.8%, respectively. Therefore, 46 kg P2O5 ha-1 (20 kg P ha-1) could be recommended for the study site and areas having similar agro-ecology with the study area.
VL  - 10
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Assefa Gonfa

Debere Zeit Agricultural Research Center (DZARC), Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Bishoftu, Ethiopia
Sosena Amsalu

Debere Zeit Agricultural Research Center (DZARC), Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Bishoftu, Ethiopia
Saba Fetene

Debere Zeit Agricultural Research Center (DZARC), Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Bishoftu, Ethiopia

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APA Style

Assefa Gonfa, Sosena Amsalu, Saba Fetene. (2022). Determination of Optimum Phosphorus Rate for Tef (Eragrostis tef/Zucc./Trotter) Under Balanced Fertilization in Vertisol, East Shoa Zone, Oromia Riginal State, Ethiopia. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 10(2), 54-58. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.12

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ACS Style

Assefa Gonfa; Sosena Amsalu; Saba Fetene. Determination of Optimum Phosphorus Rate for Tef (Eragrostis tef/Zucc./Trotter) Under Balanced Fertilization in Vertisol, East Shoa Zone, Oromia Riginal State, Ethiopia. Am. J. Agric. For. 2022, 10(2), 54-58. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.12

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AMA Style

Assefa Gonfa, Sosena Amsalu, Saba Fetene. Determination of Optimum Phosphorus Rate for Tef (Eragrostis tef/Zucc./Trotter) Under Balanced Fertilization in Vertisol, East Shoa Zone, Oromia Riginal State, Ethiopia. Am J Agric For. 2022;10(2):54-58. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.12,
  author = {Assefa Gonfa and Sosena Amsalu and Saba Fetene},
  title = {Determination of Optimum Phosphorus Rate for Tef (Eragrostis tef/Zucc./Trotter) Under Balanced Fertilization in Vertisol, East Shoa Zone, Oromia Riginal State, Ethiopia},
  journal = {American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry},
  volume = {10},
  number = {2},
  pages = {54-58},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaf.20221002.12},
  abstract = {The fertilizer requirement of tef varies from agro-ecology to agro-ecology and from soil to soil. Therefore, the objective of this study was to refine optimum phosphorus rate for tef under balanced fertilization. The experiment was conducted on-farm during main cropping season for two consecutive years (2015-2016) in Vertisol at Ada’a District. The experiment had 8 treatments (six phosphorus rates each with fixed amount of N, K2O, S, Zn and B, negative control (without fertilizer), and recommended NP (60 N+10 P) kg ha-1). Phosphorus was applied at the rates of 0, 23, 46, 69, 92 and 115 kg P2O5 ha-1 using TSP (triple super phosphate) as a source of it. Nitrogen, K2O, S, Zn and B were applied at the rate of 92, 90, 30, 2 and 1 kg ha-1 from urea, potassium chloride, calcium sulfate, zinc sulfate and borax penta hydrate fertilizers, respectively. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with triple replication of each treatment. The ANOVA revealed that plant height and number of tillers were highly significantly affected (P2O5 ha-1 (30 kg P ha-1) following by 46 kg P2O5 ha-1 (20 kg P ha-1) and the results were found being 1719 and 1607 kg ha-1, respectively. Similarly, the maximum net benefits was recorded at 69 kg P2O5 ha-1 (30 kg P ha-1) and then at 46 kg P2O5 ha-1 (20 kg P ha-1) and the amounts were found being 56035.1 and 54744.4 ETB ha-1, respectively. However, the maximum marginal rate of return was recorded at 46 kg P2O5 ha-1 (20 kg P ha-1) and then by recommended NP with MRR 1329.5% and 306.8%, respectively. Therefore, 46 kg P2O5 ha-1 (20 kg P ha-1) could be recommended for the study site and areas having similar agro-ecology with the study area.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Determination of Optimum Phosphorus Rate for Tef (Eragrostis tef/Zucc./Trotter) Under Balanced Fertilization in Vertisol, East Shoa Zone, Oromia Riginal State, Ethiopia
AU  - Assefa Gonfa
AU  - Sosena Amsalu
AU  - Saba Fetene
Y1  - 2022/03/09
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.12
T2  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JF  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JO  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
SP  - 54
EP  - 58
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8591
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.12
AB  - The fertilizer requirement of tef varies from agro-ecology to agro-ecology and from soil to soil. Therefore, the objective of this study was to refine optimum phosphorus rate for tef under balanced fertilization. The experiment was conducted on-farm during main cropping season for two consecutive years (2015-2016) in Vertisol at Ada’a District. The experiment had 8 treatments (six phosphorus rates each with fixed amount of N, K2O, S, Zn and B, negative control (without fertilizer), and recommended NP (60 N+10 P) kg ha-1). Phosphorus was applied at the rates of 0, 23, 46, 69, 92 and 115 kg P2O5 ha-1 using TSP (triple super phosphate) as a source of it. Nitrogen, K2O, S, Zn and B were applied at the rate of 92, 90, 30, 2 and 1 kg ha-1 from urea, potassium chloride, calcium sulfate, zinc sulfate and borax penta hydrate fertilizers, respectively. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with triple replication of each treatment. The ANOVA revealed that plant height and number of tillers were highly significantly affected (P2O5 ha-1 (30 kg P ha-1) following by 46 kg P2O5 ha-1 (20 kg P ha-1) and the results were found being 1719 and 1607 kg ha-1, respectively. Similarly, the maximum net benefits was recorded at 69 kg P2O5 ha-1 (30 kg P ha-1) and then at 46 kg P2O5 ha-1 (20 kg P ha-1) and the amounts were found being 56035.1 and 54744.4 ETB ha-1, respectively. However, the maximum marginal rate of return was recorded at 46 kg P2O5 ha-1 (20 kg P ha-1) and then by recommended NP with MRR 1329.5% and 306.8%, respectively. Therefore, 46 kg P2O5 ha-1 (20 kg P ha-1) could be recommended for the study site and areas having similar agro-ecology with the study area.
VL  - 10
IS  - 2
ER  -

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