Comparison of Photosynthetic Characteristics and Reproductive Traits of Winter Squash (<i>Cucurbita maxima </i>L.) Between Cultivars

Yu Sung; Guei-Jia Liang

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.14

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Comparison of Photosynthetic Characteristics and Reproductive Traits of Winter Squash (Cucurbita maxima L.) Between Cultivars

Yu Sung, Guei-Jia Liang

Published in American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry (Volume 10, Issue 2)

Received: 16 March 2022 Accepted: 1 April 2022 Published: 8 April 2022

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Abstract

The production of winter squash used vertical trellising was popular in the greenhouse for easy to manage growth and fruiting. This study investigated the photosynthetic characteristics of six winter squash cultivars to explore the differences in crop production efficiency between cultivars by vertical trellising cultivation. Plant growth, photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality of winter squash cultivars ‘Black lamp’, ‘Tastemaker’, ‘East elite’, ‘Julius’, ‘Sugar’ and ‘Lyric’ were surveyed. The photosynthetic rate (Pn) was measured on the 70^th day after planting. We selected the three leaves above the fruit in which to compare the Pn between cultivars, and surveyed all leaves on ‘Black lamp’ and ‘East elite’ in order to make a comparison between nodes. The Pn values of ‘Black lamp’, ‘East elite’, ‘Lyric’ and ‘Tastemaker’ were significantly higher, at 14.02, 13.06, 12.33 and 12.19 μmol CO₂/m²∙s, respectively. The Pn of the leaves on 5–8^th nodes decreased significantly, and the Pn of the 1^st–5^th nodes up to the fruit also decreased. With regards to reproductive traits, the first pistillate flowers of ‘East elite’ and ‘Black lamp’ bloomed on the 30^th day after planting, while the other cultivars bloomed on the 35–37^th day after planting. The six cultivars were classified according to the size of the fruit on the 48^th day after pollination: ‘Lyric’ and ‘Tastemaker’ were classified into the largest group, at 1203 and 1106 cm³, respectively; the second group contained ‘East elite’ and ‘Julius’, at 870 and 687 cm³; while ‘Sugar’ and ‘Black lamp’ were in the smallest group, at 353 and 217 cm³, respectively. The soluble sugar and total soluble solid (TSS) contents of ‘East elite’ were significantly elevated, their values being 630.6 g/kg and 13.3%, respectively. The starch content of ‘Lyric’ was the highest at 193.7 g/kg. "Black Light" was a fruit-number type, and the increase in fruit number could increase the yield/plant; "East elite" was a fruit-weight type, and the yield per plant was related to the weight of a single fruit. The influence of the unit leaf of “Black Lamp” on the fruit fresh weight was the lowest performance in the reproductive growth. In order to increase productivity of small fruit such as ‘Black lamp’ western pumpkin, the balance between the vegetative growth and the reproductive growth was necessary to be improved.

Published in	American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry (Volume 10, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.14
Page(s)	64-71
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Photosynthesis, Winter Squash, Cultivars, Reproductive Traits

References

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[2]	Buwalda, J. G. and R. E. Freeman. 1986. Melons: effects of vine pruning and nitrogen on yields and quality. N. Z. J. Exp. Agr. 14 (3): 355-359.
[3]	Chen, B. H., W. L. Guo, H. L. Yang, Q. F. Li, J. G. Zhou, and X. Z. Li. 2020. Photosynthetic properties and biochemical metabolism of Cucurbita moschata genotypes following infection with powdery mildew. J. Plant Pathol. 102: 1021-1027.
[4]	Culpepper, C. W. and H. H. Moon 1945. Differences in the composition of the fruits of Cucurbita varieties at different ages in relation to culinary use. J. Agric. Res. 71: 111-136.
[5]	Cumarasamy, R., V. Corrigan, P. Hurst, and M. Bendall. 2002. Cultivar differences in New Zealand “Kabocha” (buttercup squash, Cucurbita maxima). N. Z. J. Crop Hortic. Sci. 30 (3): 197-208.
[6]	Ferriol, M. and B. Picó. 2008. Pumpkin and winter squash. In: Vegetables I. p. 317-349. Springer, Germany.
[7]	Liu, Z. W., S. Li, S. T. Li. 2010. The research of photosynthesis factors of pumpkins in different weather. Sci. of Agri. in Guangdong 6 (1) 79-79.
[8]	Loy, J. B. 2004. Morpho-physiological aspects of productivity and quality in squash and pumpkins (Cucurbita spp.). Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 23 (4): 337-363.
[9]	Ribeiro, R. V., E. C. Machado, J. R. Magalhães Filho, A. K. M. Lobo, M. O. Martins, J. A. Silveira and P. C. Struik. 2017. Increased sink strength offsets the inhibitory effect of sucrose on sugarcane photosynthesis. J. of plant physiol. 208 (1) 61-69.
[10]	Stern, R. A., M. A. Flaishman. 2003. Benzyladenine effects on fruit size, fruit thinning and return yield of ‘Spadona’ and ‘Coscia’ pear. Sci Hortic (Amst) 98 (1): 499-504.
[11]	Wismer, P. T., J. T. A. Proctor, D. C. Elfving. 1995. Benzyladenine affects cell division and cell size during apple fruit thinning. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 120 (1) 802-807.
[12]	Yoshida S. 1965. Chemical aspect of silicon in physiology of rice plant. Bull. Natl. Agric. Sci. 15: 1-58.
[13]	Zhang, J. and W. Huang. 2015. Effects of Zhang, J. and W. Huang. 2015. Effects of source reduction on photosynthetic rate, dry mass and distribution in pumpkin. Acta Ecol. Sin. 35 (1): 23-28.
[14]	Zaaroor-Presman, M., S. Alkalai-Tuvia, D. Chalupowicz, M. Beniches, A. Gamliel, and E. Fallik. 2020. Watermelon rootstock/scion relationships and the effects of fruit-thinning and stem-pruning on yield and postharvest fruit quality. Agriculture 10 (9): 366.
[15]	Zhou, X. R., P. M. Yang, S. S. Li, S. C. Li. 2009. The research of major carbohydrate of squash (C. moschata D.) Hort. Of North 3 (1): 33-35.

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Yu Sung, Guei-Jia Liang. (2022). Comparison of Photosynthetic Characteristics and Reproductive Traits of Winter Squash (Cucurbita maxima L.) Between Cultivars. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 10(2), 64-71. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.14

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Yu Sung; Guei-Jia Liang. Comparison of Photosynthetic Characteristics and Reproductive Traits of Winter Squash (Cucurbita maxima L.) Between Cultivars. Am. J. Agric. For. 2022, 10(2), 64-71. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.14

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AMA Style

Yu Sung, Guei-Jia Liang. Comparison of Photosynthetic Characteristics and Reproductive Traits of Winter Squash (Cucurbita maxima L.) Between Cultivars. Am J Agric For. 2022;10(2):64-71. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.14,
  author = {Yu Sung and Guei-Jia Liang},
  title = {Comparison of Photosynthetic Characteristics and Reproductive Traits of Winter Squash (Cucurbita maxima L.) Between Cultivars},
  journal = {American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry},
  volume = {10},
  number = {2},
  pages = {64-71},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaf.20221002.14},
  abstract = {The production of winter squash used vertical trellising was popular in the greenhouse for easy to manage growth and fruiting. This study investigated the photosynthetic characteristics of six winter squash cultivars to explore the differences in crop production efficiency between cultivars by vertical trellising cultivation. Plant growth, photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality of winter squash cultivars ‘Black lamp’, ‘Tastemaker’, ‘East elite’, ‘Julius’, ‘Sugar’ and ‘Lyric’ were surveyed. The photosynthetic rate (Pn) was measured on the 70th day after planting. We selected the three leaves above the fruit in which to compare the Pn between cultivars, and surveyed all leaves on ‘Black lamp’ and ‘East elite’ in order to make a comparison between nodes. The Pn values of ‘Black lamp’, ‘East elite’, ‘Lyric’ and ‘Tastemaker’ were significantly higher, at 14.02, 13.06, 12.33 and 12.19 μmol CO2/m2∙s, respectively. The Pn of the leaves on 5–8th nodes decreased significantly, and the Pn of the 1st–5th nodes up to the fruit also decreased. With regards to reproductive traits, the first pistillate flowers of ‘East elite’ and ‘Black lamp’ bloomed on the 30th day after planting, while the other cultivars bloomed on the 35–37th day after planting. The six cultivars were classified according to the size of the fruit on the 48th day after pollination: ‘Lyric’ and ‘Tastemaker’ were classified into the largest group, at 1203 and 1106 cm3, respectively; the second group contained ‘East elite’ and ‘Julius’, at 870 and 687 cm3; while ‘Sugar’ and ‘Black lamp’ were in the smallest group, at 353 and 217 cm3, respectively. The soluble sugar and total soluble solid (TSS) contents of ‘East elite’ were significantly elevated, their values being 630.6 g/kg and 13.3%, respectively. The starch content of ‘Lyric’ was the highest at 193.7 g/kg. "Black Light" was a fruit-number type, and the increase in fruit number could increase the yield/plant; "East elite" was a fruit-weight type, and the yield per plant was related to the weight of a single fruit. The influence of the unit leaf of “Black Lamp” on the fruit fresh weight was the lowest performance in the reproductive growth. In order to increase productivity of small fruit such as ‘Black lamp’ western pumpkin, the balance between the vegetative growth and the reproductive growth was necessary to be improved.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Comparison of Photosynthetic Characteristics and Reproductive Traits of Winter Squash (Cucurbita maxima L.) Between Cultivars
AU  - Yu Sung
AU  - Guei-Jia Liang
Y1  - 2022/04/08
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.14
T2  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JF  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JO  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
SP  - 64
EP  - 71
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8591
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.14
AB  - The production of winter squash used vertical trellising was popular in the greenhouse for easy to manage growth and fruiting. This study investigated the photosynthetic characteristics of six winter squash cultivars to explore the differences in crop production efficiency between cultivars by vertical trellising cultivation. Plant growth, photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality of winter squash cultivars ‘Black lamp’, ‘Tastemaker’, ‘East elite’, ‘Julius’, ‘Sugar’ and ‘Lyric’ were surveyed. The photosynthetic rate (Pn) was measured on the 70th day after planting. We selected the three leaves above the fruit in which to compare the Pn between cultivars, and surveyed all leaves on ‘Black lamp’ and ‘East elite’ in order to make a comparison between nodes. The Pn values of ‘Black lamp’, ‘East elite’, ‘Lyric’ and ‘Tastemaker’ were significantly higher, at 14.02, 13.06, 12.33 and 12.19 μmol CO2/m2∙s, respectively. The Pn of the leaves on 5–8th nodes decreased significantly, and the Pn of the 1st–5th nodes up to the fruit also decreased. With regards to reproductive traits, the first pistillate flowers of ‘East elite’ and ‘Black lamp’ bloomed on the 30th day after planting, while the other cultivars bloomed on the 35–37th day after planting. The six cultivars were classified according to the size of the fruit on the 48th day after pollination: ‘Lyric’ and ‘Tastemaker’ were classified into the largest group, at 1203 and 1106 cm3, respectively; the second group contained ‘East elite’ and ‘Julius’, at 870 and 687 cm3; while ‘Sugar’ and ‘Black lamp’ were in the smallest group, at 353 and 217 cm3, respectively. The soluble sugar and total soluble solid (TSS) contents of ‘East elite’ were significantly elevated, their values being 630.6 g/kg and 13.3%, respectively. The starch content of ‘Lyric’ was the highest at 193.7 g/kg. "Black Light" was a fruit-number type, and the increase in fruit number could increase the yield/plant; "East elite" was a fruit-weight type, and the yield per plant was related to the weight of a single fruit. The influence of the unit leaf of “Black Lamp” on the fruit fresh weight was the lowest performance in the reproductive growth. In order to increase productivity of small fruit such as ‘Black lamp’ western pumpkin, the balance between the vegetative growth and the reproductive growth was necessary to be improved.
VL  - 10
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Yu Sung

Department of Horticulture, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
Guei-Jia Liang

Department of Horticulture, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Yu Sung, Guei-Jia Liang. (2022). Comparison of Photosynthetic Characteristics and Reproductive Traits of Winter Squash (Cucurbita maxima L.) Between Cultivars. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 10(2), 64-71. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.14

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ACS Style

Yu Sung; Guei-Jia Liang. Comparison of Photosynthetic Characteristics and Reproductive Traits of Winter Squash (Cucurbita maxima L.) Between Cultivars. Am. J. Agric. For. 2022, 10(2), 64-71. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.14

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AMA Style

Yu Sung, Guei-Jia Liang. Comparison of Photosynthetic Characteristics and Reproductive Traits of Winter Squash (Cucurbita maxima L.) Between Cultivars. Am J Agric For. 2022;10(2):64-71. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.14,
  author = {Yu Sung and Guei-Jia Liang},
  title = {Comparison of Photosynthetic Characteristics and Reproductive Traits of Winter Squash (Cucurbita maxima L.) Between Cultivars},
  journal = {American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry},
  volume = {10},
  number = {2},
  pages = {64-71},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaf.20221002.14},
  abstract = {The production of winter squash used vertical trellising was popular in the greenhouse for easy to manage growth and fruiting. This study investigated the photosynthetic characteristics of six winter squash cultivars to explore the differences in crop production efficiency between cultivars by vertical trellising cultivation. Plant growth, photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality of winter squash cultivars ‘Black lamp’, ‘Tastemaker’, ‘East elite’, ‘Julius’, ‘Sugar’ and ‘Lyric’ were surveyed. The photosynthetic rate (Pn) was measured on the 70th day after planting. We selected the three leaves above the fruit in which to compare the Pn between cultivars, and surveyed all leaves on ‘Black lamp’ and ‘East elite’ in order to make a comparison between nodes. The Pn values of ‘Black lamp’, ‘East elite’, ‘Lyric’ and ‘Tastemaker’ were significantly higher, at 14.02, 13.06, 12.33 and 12.19 μmol CO2/m2∙s, respectively. The Pn of the leaves on 5–8th nodes decreased significantly, and the Pn of the 1st–5th nodes up to the fruit also decreased. With regards to reproductive traits, the first pistillate flowers of ‘East elite’ and ‘Black lamp’ bloomed on the 30th day after planting, while the other cultivars bloomed on the 35–37th day after planting. The six cultivars were classified according to the size of the fruit on the 48th day after pollination: ‘Lyric’ and ‘Tastemaker’ were classified into the largest group, at 1203 and 1106 cm3, respectively; the second group contained ‘East elite’ and ‘Julius’, at 870 and 687 cm3; while ‘Sugar’ and ‘Black lamp’ were in the smallest group, at 353 and 217 cm3, respectively. The soluble sugar and total soluble solid (TSS) contents of ‘East elite’ were significantly elevated, their values being 630.6 g/kg and 13.3%, respectively. The starch content of ‘Lyric’ was the highest at 193.7 g/kg. "Black Light" was a fruit-number type, and the increase in fruit number could increase the yield/plant; "East elite" was a fruit-weight type, and the yield per plant was related to the weight of a single fruit. The influence of the unit leaf of “Black Lamp” on the fruit fresh weight was the lowest performance in the reproductive growth. In order to increase productivity of small fruit such as ‘Black lamp’ western pumpkin, the balance between the vegetative growth and the reproductive growth was necessary to be improved.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Comparison of Photosynthetic Characteristics and Reproductive Traits of Winter Squash (Cucurbita maxima L.) Between Cultivars
AU  - Yu Sung
AU  - Guei-Jia Liang
Y1  - 2022/04/08
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.14
T2  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JF  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JO  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
SP  - 64
EP  - 71
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8591
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20221002.14
AB  - The production of winter squash used vertical trellising was popular in the greenhouse for easy to manage growth and fruiting. This study investigated the photosynthetic characteristics of six winter squash cultivars to explore the differences in crop production efficiency between cultivars by vertical trellising cultivation. Plant growth, photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality of winter squash cultivars ‘Black lamp’, ‘Tastemaker’, ‘East elite’, ‘Julius’, ‘Sugar’ and ‘Lyric’ were surveyed. The photosynthetic rate (Pn) was measured on the 70th day after planting. We selected the three leaves above the fruit in which to compare the Pn between cultivars, and surveyed all leaves on ‘Black lamp’ and ‘East elite’ in order to make a comparison between nodes. The Pn values of ‘Black lamp’, ‘East elite’, ‘Lyric’ and ‘Tastemaker’ were significantly higher, at 14.02, 13.06, 12.33 and 12.19 μmol CO2/m2∙s, respectively. The Pn of the leaves on 5–8th nodes decreased significantly, and the Pn of the 1st–5th nodes up to the fruit also decreased. With regards to reproductive traits, the first pistillate flowers of ‘East elite’ and ‘Black lamp’ bloomed on the 30th day after planting, while the other cultivars bloomed on the 35–37th day after planting. The six cultivars were classified according to the size of the fruit on the 48th day after pollination: ‘Lyric’ and ‘Tastemaker’ were classified into the largest group, at 1203 and 1106 cm3, respectively; the second group contained ‘East elite’ and ‘Julius’, at 870 and 687 cm3; while ‘Sugar’ and ‘Black lamp’ were in the smallest group, at 353 and 217 cm3, respectively. The soluble sugar and total soluble solid (TSS) contents of ‘East elite’ were significantly elevated, their values being 630.6 g/kg and 13.3%, respectively. The starch content of ‘Lyric’ was the highest at 193.7 g/kg. "Black Light" was a fruit-number type, and the increase in fruit number could increase the yield/plant; "East elite" was a fruit-weight type, and the yield per plant was related to the weight of a single fruit. The influence of the unit leaf of “Black Lamp” on the fruit fresh weight was the lowest performance in the reproductive growth. In order to increase productivity of small fruit such as ‘Black lamp’ western pumpkin, the balance between the vegetative growth and the reproductive growth was necessary to be improved.
VL  - 10
IS  - 2
ER  -

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