Comparative Effects of Foliar Application of Gibberellic Acid and Benzylaminopurine on Seed Potato Tuber Sprouting and Yield of Resultant Plants

Martin Kagiki Njogu; Geofrey Kingori Gathungu; Peter Muchiri Daniel

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajaf.20150305.14

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Comparative Effects of Foliar Application of Gibberellic Acid and Benzylaminopurine on Seed Potato Tuber Sprouting and Yield of Resultant Plants

Martin Kagiki Njogu, Geofrey Kingori Gathungu, Peter Muchiri Daniel

Published in American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry (Volume 3, Issue 5)

Received: 22 August 2015 Accepted: 2 September 2015 Published: 18 September 2015

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Abstract

Seed potato tubers planted immediately after harvest is characterized by delayed plant emergence, poor establishment and low yields. Gibberellic acid (GA) and Benzylaminopurine (BA) or their combinations cause dormancy breakage though little information is available on their combined application to dormancy termination. The effects of foliar application of GA and BA on potato tuber sprouting and subsequent yield were studied. Three potato varieties with different tuber dormancy period; ‘Asante’ (short dormancy), Dutch Robyjn (medium dormancy) and ‘Kenya Sifa’ (long dormancy) were planted at National Potato Research Centre, Tigoni and sprayed with a factorial combinations of 0, 50, 100, 300 ppm GA and 0, 50, 75, 100 ppm BA separately and combined at the rate of 1000 lts/ha spray volume towards the end of maturation. The resulting tubers were put in diffuse light storage (DLS) and data on number, length and vigour of sprouts recorded. Sprouted seed tubers were subsequently planted and evaluated for both growth characteristics and yields. The data collected was subjected to analysis of variance and significantly different means were separated using Fisher’s protected least significant difference at p≤0.05. Higher rates of foliar application of GA+BA (300 ppm + 100 ppm) compared with the control (0 + 0) resulted in significant increase insprout length (cm), number of sprout/tuber, sprout vigour (score), and % sprouting from 3.24 to 7.02 and 3.84 to 9.03, 2.04 to 4.45 and 2.07 to 4.8, 1.7 to 3.06 and 1.63 to 3.23, 61.21to 86.67and 63.3 to 83.7 in Asante, 2.94 to 8.03 and 2.8 to 7.99, 1.84 to 5.24 and 1.87 to 4.76, 1.3 to 3.0 and 1.27 to 2.63, 50.61 to 92.7 and 52.7 to 85.7in Dutch Robyjn and 0.79 to 6.43 and 1.32 to 6.99, 0.61 to 3.49 and 0.79 to 3.33, 0.61 to 3.03 and 0.73 to 2.83, 22.12 to 85.76 and 28.3 to83.7 in Kenya Sifa after storage in 2008 and 2009 respectively. A combination of BA and GA resulted in significantly more growth than using only GA or BA alone at the same level. Similarly the subsequent tuber numbers per plant and yield (tons/ha) in resultant plants increased from 7.13 to 12.53 and 24.66 to 32.27, 6.93 to 10.47 and 16.73 to 23.37, and 5.63 to 9.6 and 17.53 to 30.13 in Asante, Dutch Robyjnand Kenya Sifa respectively. Combined application of GA + BA at varied rates can be used to improve sprouting characteristics of seed potato and yield of resultant plants.

Published in	American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry (Volume 3, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajaf.20150305.14
Page(s)	192-201
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Potato, Giberrelic Acid, Benzylaminopurine, Seed Sprouting, Resultant Plants, Yield

References

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[2]	Burton W. G., Van E. A. and Hartmans K. J. (1992). The physics and physiology of storage. In: Harris P. M., ed. The potato crop. London: Chapman and Hall; 608–727.
[3]	Suttle J. C. (2004). Involvement of endogenous gibberellins in potato tuber dormancy and early sprout growth: a critical evaluation. Journal of Plant Physiology 161:157-164.
[4]	Alexopoulos A. A., Akoumianakis A., Olympio C. M. And Passam H. C. (2007). The effect of time and mode of application of gibberellic acid and inhibitor of gibberellic acid biosynthesis on the dormancy of potato tubers grown from true potato seed. Journal of the science and agriculture 87(10): 1973-1979.
[5]	Alexopoulos A. A., Akoumianakis A. K., Vemmos S. M and Passum H. C. (2006).The effect of postharvest application of gibberellic acid and benzyl adenine on duration of dormancy of potato produced by plant grown from true potato seeds. Post harvest biology and technology 46(1): 54-62.
[6]	Shibairo S. I., Demo P., Kabira J. N., Gildemacher P., Gachago E., Menza M., Nyankanga R. O., Cheminingwa G. N. and Narla R. D. (2006). Effects of Gibberellic Acid (GA3) on Sprouting and Quality of Potato Seed Tubers in Diffuse Light and Pit Storage Conditions. Journal of Biological Sciences 6 (4): 723-733.
[7]	Suttle J. C. (1996). Dormancy in tuberous organs: problems and perspectives. In: Lang GA, ed. Plant dormancy: physiology, biochemistry and molecular biology, Wallingford, UK: CAB International, 133–146.
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[10]	Ittersum M. K. (1992). Dormancy and growth vigour of seed potato. Wageningen Agricultural University dissertation No. 1556 Wageningen University.
[11]	Ittersum M. K. and ScholteK. (1993). Shortening dormancy of seed potatoes by a haulm application of gibberellic acid and storage temperature regimes. American Journal of Potato Research 70(1): 7-19
[12]	Caldiz D. O., (1996). Seed potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) yield and tuber number increase after foliar applications of cytokinins and gibberellic acid under field and glasshouse conditions. Plant Growth Regulation 20 (3): 185-188
[13]	Dwelle, R. B. (1985). Photosynthesis and Photoassimilate Partitioning. Potato Physiology. Academic Press, Inc. Orlando, Florida: 35-38
[14]	Suttle J. C. and Banowetz, J. (2000). Comparing potato tuberization and sprouting opposite phenomena. Cited on American journals of Potato Research, July/Aug. 2004.
[15]	Turbull C. G and Hanke D. E. (1985). The control of bud dormancy in potato tubers. Springer Link journals 165(3): 359-365.
[16]	Banas A., M. Bielinska-Czarnecka, and J. Klocek. (1984). Activity of endogenous cytokinins in potato tubers during dormancy and sprouting 23:213-218.
[17]	Mikitzel. L. J. and Fuller N. (1995). Dry Gibberellic Acid Combined With Talc or Fir Bark Enhances Early Stem and Tuber Growth of Shepody Potato. American Potato Journal. 72: 545-550.
[18]	National Potato Council of Kenya (NPC). (2015). Potato variety catalogue. 2015. Eagle Creations, Nairobi, Kenya. 50p. http://www.npck.org/images/potato%20variety%20catalogue%202015.pdf
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[23]	Abd El-Aal F. S., Shaheen A.M. and Fatma A. R. (2008). The effect of foliar application of gibberellic acid and soil dressing of NPK at different levels on the plant productivity of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L). Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, 4(5): 384-391.
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Martin Kagiki Njogu, Geofrey Kingori Gathungu, Peter Muchiri Daniel. (2015). Comparative Effects of Foliar Application of Gibberellic Acid and Benzylaminopurine on Seed Potato Tuber Sprouting and Yield of Resultant Plants. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 3(5), 192-201. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20150305.14

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ACS Style

Martin Kagiki Njogu; Geofrey Kingori Gathungu; Peter Muchiri Daniel. Comparative Effects of Foliar Application of Gibberellic Acid and Benzylaminopurine on Seed Potato Tuber Sprouting and Yield of Resultant Plants. Am. J. Agric. For. 2015, 3(5), 192-201. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20150305.14

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AMA Style

Martin Kagiki Njogu, Geofrey Kingori Gathungu, Peter Muchiri Daniel. Comparative Effects of Foliar Application of Gibberellic Acid and Benzylaminopurine on Seed Potato Tuber Sprouting and Yield of Resultant Plants. Am J Agric For. 2015;3(5):192-201. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20150305.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ajaf.20150305.14,
  author = {Martin Kagiki Njogu and Geofrey Kingori Gathungu and Peter Muchiri Daniel},
  title = {Comparative Effects of Foliar Application of Gibberellic Acid and Benzylaminopurine on Seed Potato Tuber Sprouting and Yield of Resultant Plants},
  journal = {American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry},
  volume = {3},
  number = {5},
  pages = {192-201},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaf.20150305.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20150305.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaf.20150305.14},
  abstract = {Seed potato tubers planted immediately after harvest is characterized by delayed plant emergence, poor establishment and low yields. Gibberellic acid (GA) and Benzylaminopurine (BA) or their combinations cause dormancy breakage though little information is available on their combined application to dormancy termination. The effects of foliar application of GA and BA on potato tuber sprouting and subsequent yield were studied. Three potato varieties with different tuber dormancy period; ‘Asante’ (short dormancy), Dutch Robyjn (medium dormancy) and ‘Kenya Sifa’ (long dormancy) were planted at National Potato Research Centre, Tigoni and sprayed with a factorial combinations of 0, 50, 100, 300 ppm GA and 0, 50, 75, 100 ppm BA separately and combined at the rate of 1000 lts/ha spray volume towards the end of maturation. The resulting tubers were put in diffuse light storage (DLS) and data on number, length and vigour of sprouts recorded. Sprouted seed tubers were subsequently planted and evaluated for both growth characteristics and yields. The data collected was subjected to analysis of variance and significantly different means were separated using Fisher’s protected least significant difference at p≤0.05. Higher rates of foliar application of GA+BA (300 ppm + 100 ppm) compared with the control (0 + 0) resulted in significant increase insprout length (cm), number of sprout/tuber, sprout vigour (score), and % sprouting from 3.24 to 7.02 and 3.84 to 9.03, 2.04 to 4.45 and 2.07 to 4.8, 1.7 to 3.06 and 1.63 to 3.23, 61.21to 86.67and 63.3 to 83.7 in Asante, 2.94 to 8.03 and 2.8 to 7.99, 1.84 to 5.24 and 1.87 to 4.76, 1.3 to 3.0 and 1.27 to 2.63, 50.61 to 92.7 and 52.7 to 85.7in Dutch Robyjn and 0.79 to 6.43 and 1.32 to 6.99, 0.61 to 3.49 and 0.79 to 3.33, 0.61 to 3.03 and 0.73 to 2.83, 22.12 to 85.76 and 28.3 to83.7 in Kenya Sifa after storage in 2008 and 2009 respectively. A combination of BA and GA resulted in significantly more growth than using only GA or BA alone at the same level. Similarly the subsequent tuber numbers per plant and yield (tons/ha) in resultant plants increased from 7.13 to 12.53 and 24.66 to 32.27, 6.93 to 10.47 and 16.73 to 23.37, and 5.63 to 9.6 and 17.53 to 30.13 in Asante, Dutch Robyjnand Kenya Sifa respectively. Combined application of GA + BA at varied rates can be used to improve sprouting characteristics of seed potato and yield of resultant plants.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Comparative Effects of Foliar Application of Gibberellic Acid and Benzylaminopurine on Seed Potato Tuber Sprouting and Yield of Resultant Plants
AU  - Martin Kagiki Njogu
AU  - Geofrey Kingori Gathungu
AU  - Peter Muchiri Daniel
Y1  - 2015/09/18
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20150305.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaf.20150305.14
T2  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JF  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JO  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
SP  - 192
EP  - 201
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8591
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20150305.14
AB  - Seed potato tubers planted immediately after harvest is characterized by delayed plant emergence, poor establishment and low yields. Gibberellic acid (GA) and Benzylaminopurine (BA) or their combinations cause dormancy breakage though little information is available on their combined application to dormancy termination. The effects of foliar application of GA and BA on potato tuber sprouting and subsequent yield were studied. Three potato varieties with different tuber dormancy period; ‘Asante’ (short dormancy), Dutch Robyjn (medium dormancy) and ‘Kenya Sifa’ (long dormancy) were planted at National Potato Research Centre, Tigoni and sprayed with a factorial combinations of 0, 50, 100, 300 ppm GA and 0, 50, 75, 100 ppm BA separately and combined at the rate of 1000 lts/ha spray volume towards the end of maturation. The resulting tubers were put in diffuse light storage (DLS) and data on number, length and vigour of sprouts recorded. Sprouted seed tubers were subsequently planted and evaluated for both growth characteristics and yields. The data collected was subjected to analysis of variance and significantly different means were separated using Fisher’s protected least significant difference at p≤0.05. Higher rates of foliar application of GA+BA (300 ppm + 100 ppm) compared with the control (0 + 0) resulted in significant increase insprout length (cm), number of sprout/tuber, sprout vigour (score), and % sprouting from 3.24 to 7.02 and 3.84 to 9.03, 2.04 to 4.45 and 2.07 to 4.8, 1.7 to 3.06 and 1.63 to 3.23, 61.21to 86.67and 63.3 to 83.7 in Asante, 2.94 to 8.03 and 2.8 to 7.99, 1.84 to 5.24 and 1.87 to 4.76, 1.3 to 3.0 and 1.27 to 2.63, 50.61 to 92.7 and 52.7 to 85.7in Dutch Robyjn and 0.79 to 6.43 and 1.32 to 6.99, 0.61 to 3.49 and 0.79 to 3.33, 0.61 to 3.03 and 0.73 to 2.83, 22.12 to 85.76 and 28.3 to83.7 in Kenya Sifa after storage in 2008 and 2009 respectively. A combination of BA and GA resulted in significantly more growth than using only GA or BA alone at the same level. Similarly the subsequent tuber numbers per plant and yield (tons/ha) in resultant plants increased from 7.13 to 12.53 and 24.66 to 32.27, 6.93 to 10.47 and 16.73 to 23.37, and 5.63 to 9.6 and 17.53 to 30.13 in Asante, Dutch Robyjnand Kenya Sifa respectively. Combined application of GA + BA at varied rates can be used to improve sprouting characteristics of seed potato and yield of resultant plants.
VL  - 3
IS  - 5
ER  -

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Author Information

Martin Kagiki Njogu

Department of Plant Science, Chuka University, Chuka, Kenya
Geofrey Kingori Gathungu

Department of Plant Science, Chuka University, Chuka, Kenya
Peter Muchiri Daniel

Department of Plant Science and Crop Protection, University of Nairobi, Kangemi, Kenya

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APA Style

Martin Kagiki Njogu, Geofrey Kingori Gathungu, Peter Muchiri Daniel. (2015). Comparative Effects of Foliar Application of Gibberellic Acid and Benzylaminopurine on Seed Potato Tuber Sprouting and Yield of Resultant Plants. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 3(5), 192-201. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20150305.14

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ACS Style

Martin Kagiki Njogu; Geofrey Kingori Gathungu; Peter Muchiri Daniel. Comparative Effects of Foliar Application of Gibberellic Acid and Benzylaminopurine on Seed Potato Tuber Sprouting and Yield of Resultant Plants. Am. J. Agric. For. 2015, 3(5), 192-201. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20150305.14

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AMA Style

Martin Kagiki Njogu, Geofrey Kingori Gathungu, Peter Muchiri Daniel. Comparative Effects of Foliar Application of Gibberellic Acid and Benzylaminopurine on Seed Potato Tuber Sprouting and Yield of Resultant Plants. Am J Agric For. 2015;3(5):192-201. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20150305.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ajaf.20150305.14,
  author = {Martin Kagiki Njogu and Geofrey Kingori Gathungu and Peter Muchiri Daniel},
  title = {Comparative Effects of Foliar Application of Gibberellic Acid and Benzylaminopurine on Seed Potato Tuber Sprouting and Yield of Resultant Plants},
  journal = {American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry},
  volume = {3},
  number = {5},
  pages = {192-201},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaf.20150305.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20150305.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaf.20150305.14},
  abstract = {Seed potato tubers planted immediately after harvest is characterized by delayed plant emergence, poor establishment and low yields. Gibberellic acid (GA) and Benzylaminopurine (BA) or their combinations cause dormancy breakage though little information is available on their combined application to dormancy termination. The effects of foliar application of GA and BA on potato tuber sprouting and subsequent yield were studied. Three potato varieties with different tuber dormancy period; ‘Asante’ (short dormancy), Dutch Robyjn (medium dormancy) and ‘Kenya Sifa’ (long dormancy) were planted at National Potato Research Centre, Tigoni and sprayed with a factorial combinations of 0, 50, 100, 300 ppm GA and 0, 50, 75, 100 ppm BA separately and combined at the rate of 1000 lts/ha spray volume towards the end of maturation. The resulting tubers were put in diffuse light storage (DLS) and data on number, length and vigour of sprouts recorded. Sprouted seed tubers were subsequently planted and evaluated for both growth characteristics and yields. The data collected was subjected to analysis of variance and significantly different means were separated using Fisher’s protected least significant difference at p≤0.05. Higher rates of foliar application of GA+BA (300 ppm + 100 ppm) compared with the control (0 + 0) resulted in significant increase insprout length (cm), number of sprout/tuber, sprout vigour (score), and % sprouting from 3.24 to 7.02 and 3.84 to 9.03, 2.04 to 4.45 and 2.07 to 4.8, 1.7 to 3.06 and 1.63 to 3.23, 61.21to 86.67and 63.3 to 83.7 in Asante, 2.94 to 8.03 and 2.8 to 7.99, 1.84 to 5.24 and 1.87 to 4.76, 1.3 to 3.0 and 1.27 to 2.63, 50.61 to 92.7 and 52.7 to 85.7in Dutch Robyjn and 0.79 to 6.43 and 1.32 to 6.99, 0.61 to 3.49 and 0.79 to 3.33, 0.61 to 3.03 and 0.73 to 2.83, 22.12 to 85.76 and 28.3 to83.7 in Kenya Sifa after storage in 2008 and 2009 respectively. A combination of BA and GA resulted in significantly more growth than using only GA or BA alone at the same level. Similarly the subsequent tuber numbers per plant and yield (tons/ha) in resultant plants increased from 7.13 to 12.53 and 24.66 to 32.27, 6.93 to 10.47 and 16.73 to 23.37, and 5.63 to 9.6 and 17.53 to 30.13 in Asante, Dutch Robyjnand Kenya Sifa respectively. Combined application of GA + BA at varied rates can be used to improve sprouting characteristics of seed potato and yield of resultant plants.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Comparative Effects of Foliar Application of Gibberellic Acid and Benzylaminopurine on Seed Potato Tuber Sprouting and Yield of Resultant Plants
AU  - Martin Kagiki Njogu
AU  - Geofrey Kingori Gathungu
AU  - Peter Muchiri Daniel
Y1  - 2015/09/18
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20150305.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaf.20150305.14
T2  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JF  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JO  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
SP  - 192
EP  - 201
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8591
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20150305.14
AB  - Seed potato tubers planted immediately after harvest is characterized by delayed plant emergence, poor establishment and low yields. Gibberellic acid (GA) and Benzylaminopurine (BA) or their combinations cause dormancy breakage though little information is available on their combined application to dormancy termination. The effects of foliar application of GA and BA on potato tuber sprouting and subsequent yield were studied. Three potato varieties with different tuber dormancy period; ‘Asante’ (short dormancy), Dutch Robyjn (medium dormancy) and ‘Kenya Sifa’ (long dormancy) were planted at National Potato Research Centre, Tigoni and sprayed with a factorial combinations of 0, 50, 100, 300 ppm GA and 0, 50, 75, 100 ppm BA separately and combined at the rate of 1000 lts/ha spray volume towards the end of maturation. The resulting tubers were put in diffuse light storage (DLS) and data on number, length and vigour of sprouts recorded. Sprouted seed tubers were subsequently planted and evaluated for both growth characteristics and yields. The data collected was subjected to analysis of variance and significantly different means were separated using Fisher’s protected least significant difference at p≤0.05. Higher rates of foliar application of GA+BA (300 ppm + 100 ppm) compared with the control (0 + 0) resulted in significant increase insprout length (cm), number of sprout/tuber, sprout vigour (score), and % sprouting from 3.24 to 7.02 and 3.84 to 9.03, 2.04 to 4.45 and 2.07 to 4.8, 1.7 to 3.06 and 1.63 to 3.23, 61.21to 86.67and 63.3 to 83.7 in Asante, 2.94 to 8.03 and 2.8 to 7.99, 1.84 to 5.24 and 1.87 to 4.76, 1.3 to 3.0 and 1.27 to 2.63, 50.61 to 92.7 and 52.7 to 85.7in Dutch Robyjn and 0.79 to 6.43 and 1.32 to 6.99, 0.61 to 3.49 and 0.79 to 3.33, 0.61 to 3.03 and 0.73 to 2.83, 22.12 to 85.76 and 28.3 to83.7 in Kenya Sifa after storage in 2008 and 2009 respectively. A combination of BA and GA resulted in significantly more growth than using only GA or BA alone at the same level. Similarly the subsequent tuber numbers per plant and yield (tons/ha) in resultant plants increased from 7.13 to 12.53 and 24.66 to 32.27, 6.93 to 10.47 and 16.73 to 23.37, and 5.63 to 9.6 and 17.53 to 30.13 in Asante, Dutch Robyjnand Kenya Sifa respectively. Combined application of GA + BA at varied rates can be used to improve sprouting characteristics of seed potato and yield of resultant plants.
VL  - 3
IS  - 5
ER  -

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