Effect of Powdery Mildew on Glutamate Dehydrogenase in Wheat Grain

Hongyun Gao; Jishan Niu

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajaf.20231104.13

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Effect of Powdery Mildew on Glutamate Dehydrogenase in Wheat Grain

Hongyun Gao, Jishan Niu

Published in American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry (Volume 11, Issue 4)

Received: 13 June 2023 Accepted: 6 July 2023 Published: 17 July 2023

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Abstract

Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) is a key enzyme in nitrogen (N) metabolism of wheat under stress conditions. There are two views about the reaction catalyzed by GDH in plants, namely aminating and deaminating activity, so the specific function of GDH remains to be clarified. In order to clarify the specific role of GDH in wheat grain and further study the changes of GDH expression and activity under wheat powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, Bgt) stress, field experiments were carried out with susceptible cultivar Xi’nong 979 and resistant cultivar Zhengmai 103 under three treatments. The three treatments were no inoculation (CK), inoculated once with Bgt (MP) and inoculated nine times with Bgt (HP). Results showed that GDH aminating activity was higher than that of deaminating activity in Zhengmai 103 in CK (natural conditions). In the same way, under powdery mildew conditions, there was a similar trend of higher aminating activity than deaminating activity of GDH in Zhengmai 103 at 21 and 28 days after anthesis (DAA) and Xi’nong 979 at 10 – 30 DAA in MP and HP. The results indicated that GDH mainly assimilated ammonia in grains under both natural and powdery mildew stress conditions. Meanwhile, under mild powdery mildew conditions, the GDH expression and GDH aminating activity increased with the increase of disease index (DI) at 21 and 28 DAA in Zhengmai 103 and at 10 – 15 DAA in Xi’nong 979. Under severe powdery mildew conditions, GDH expression and GDH aminating activity of Xi’nong 979 increased with the increase of DI during the period of 20 – 30 DAA. Therefore, both mild and severe powdery mildew stress could induce GDH expression and aminating activity. It showed that the main function of GDH in wheat grain was to assimilate ammonia, and powdery mildew could induce GDH expression and aminating activity.

Published in	American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry (Volume 11, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajaf.20231104.13
Page(s)	136-142
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Wheat, Powdery Mildew, Glutamate Dehydrogenase, Enzyme Activity

References

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APA Style

Hongyun Gao, Jishan Niu. (2023). Effect of Powdery Mildew on Glutamate Dehydrogenase in Wheat Grain. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 11(4), 136-142. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20231104.13

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ACS Style

Hongyun Gao; Jishan Niu. Effect of Powdery Mildew on Glutamate Dehydrogenase in Wheat Grain. Am. J. Agric. For. 2023, 11(4), 136-142. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20231104.13

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AMA Style

Hongyun Gao, Jishan Niu. Effect of Powdery Mildew on Glutamate Dehydrogenase in Wheat Grain. Am J Agric For. 2023;11(4):136-142. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20231104.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajaf.20231104.13,
  author = {Hongyun Gao and Jishan Niu},
  title = {Effect of Powdery Mildew on Glutamate Dehydrogenase in Wheat Grain},
  journal = {American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry},
  volume = {11},
  number = {4},
  pages = {136-142},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaf.20231104.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20231104.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaf.20231104.13},
  abstract = {Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) is a key enzyme in nitrogen (N) metabolism of wheat under stress conditions. There are two views about the reaction catalyzed by GDH in plants, namely aminating and deaminating activity, so the specific function of GDH remains to be clarified. In order to clarify the specific role of GDH in wheat grain and further study the changes of GDH expression and activity under wheat powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, Bgt) stress, field experiments were carried out with susceptible cultivar Xi’nong 979 and resistant cultivar Zhengmai 103 under three treatments. The three treatments were no inoculation (CK), inoculated once with Bgt (MP) and inoculated nine times with Bgt (HP). Results showed that GDH aminating activity was higher than that of deaminating activity in Zhengmai 103 in CK (natural conditions). In the same way, under powdery mildew conditions, there was a similar trend of higher aminating activity than deaminating activity of GDH in Zhengmai 103 at 21 and 28 days after anthesis (DAA) and Xi’nong 979 at 10 – 30 DAA in MP and HP. The results indicated that GDH mainly assimilated ammonia in grains under both natural and powdery mildew stress conditions. Meanwhile, under mild powdery mildew conditions, the GDH expression and GDH aminating activity increased with the increase of disease index (DI) at 21 and 28 DAA in Zhengmai 103 and at 10 – 15 DAA in Xi’nong 979. Under severe powdery mildew conditions, GDH expression and GDH aminating activity of Xi’nong 979 increased with the increase of DI during the period of 20 – 30 DAA. Therefore, both mild and severe powdery mildew stress could induce GDH expression and aminating activity. It showed that the main function of GDH in wheat grain was to assimilate ammonia, and powdery mildew could induce GDH expression and aminating activity.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of Powdery Mildew on Glutamate Dehydrogenase in Wheat Grain
AU - Hongyun Gao
AU - Jishan Niu
Y1 - 2023/07/17
PY - 2023
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20231104.13
DO - 10.11648/j.ajaf.20231104.13
T2 - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JF - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JO - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
SP - 136
EP - 142
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2330-8591
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20231104.13
AB - Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) is a key enzyme in nitrogen (N) metabolism of wheat under stress conditions. There are two views about the reaction catalyzed by GDH in plants, namely aminating and deaminating activity, so the specific function of GDH remains to be clarified. In order to clarify the specific role of GDH in wheat grain and further study the changes of GDH expression and activity under wheat powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, Bgt) stress, field experiments were carried out with susceptible cultivar Xi’nong 979 and resistant cultivar Zhengmai 103 under three treatments. The three treatments were no inoculation (CK), inoculated once with Bgt (MP) and inoculated nine times with Bgt (HP). Results showed that GDH aminating activity was higher than that of deaminating activity in Zhengmai 103 in CK (natural conditions). In the same way, under powdery mildew conditions, there was a similar trend of higher aminating activity than deaminating activity of GDH in Zhengmai 103 at 21 and 28 days after anthesis (DAA) and Xi’nong 979 at 10 – 30 DAA in MP and HP. The results indicated that GDH mainly assimilated ammonia in grains under both natural and powdery mildew stress conditions. Meanwhile, under mild powdery mildew conditions, the GDH expression and GDH aminating activity increased with the increase of disease index (DI) at 21 and 28 DAA in Zhengmai 103 and at 10 – 15 DAA in Xi’nong 979. Under severe powdery mildew conditions, GDH expression and GDH aminating activity of Xi’nong 979 increased with the increase of DI during the period of 20 – 30 DAA. Therefore, both mild and severe powdery mildew stress could induce GDH expression and aminating activity. It showed that the main function of GDH in wheat grain was to assimilate ammonia, and powdery mildew could induce GDH expression and aminating activity.
VL - 11
IS - 4
ER -

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Author Information

Hongyun Gao

School of Life Science, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou, China
Jishan Niu

National Centre of Engineering and Technological Research for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China

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APA Style

Hongyun Gao, Jishan Niu. (2023). Effect of Powdery Mildew on Glutamate Dehydrogenase in Wheat Grain. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 11(4), 136-142. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20231104.13

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ACS Style

Hongyun Gao; Jishan Niu. Effect of Powdery Mildew on Glutamate Dehydrogenase in Wheat Grain. Am. J. Agric. For. 2023, 11(4), 136-142. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20231104.13

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AMA Style

Hongyun Gao, Jishan Niu. Effect of Powdery Mildew on Glutamate Dehydrogenase in Wheat Grain. Am J Agric For. 2023;11(4):136-142. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20231104.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajaf.20231104.13,
  author = {Hongyun Gao and Jishan Niu},
  title = {Effect of Powdery Mildew on Glutamate Dehydrogenase in Wheat Grain},
  journal = {American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry},
  volume = {11},
  number = {4},
  pages = {136-142},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaf.20231104.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20231104.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaf.20231104.13},
  abstract = {Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) is a key enzyme in nitrogen (N) metabolism of wheat under stress conditions. There are two views about the reaction catalyzed by GDH in plants, namely aminating and deaminating activity, so the specific function of GDH remains to be clarified. In order to clarify the specific role of GDH in wheat grain and further study the changes of GDH expression and activity under wheat powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, Bgt) stress, field experiments were carried out with susceptible cultivar Xi’nong 979 and resistant cultivar Zhengmai 103 under three treatments. The three treatments were no inoculation (CK), inoculated once with Bgt (MP) and inoculated nine times with Bgt (HP). Results showed that GDH aminating activity was higher than that of deaminating activity in Zhengmai 103 in CK (natural conditions). In the same way, under powdery mildew conditions, there was a similar trend of higher aminating activity than deaminating activity of GDH in Zhengmai 103 at 21 and 28 days after anthesis (DAA) and Xi’nong 979 at 10 – 30 DAA in MP and HP. The results indicated that GDH mainly assimilated ammonia in grains under both natural and powdery mildew stress conditions. Meanwhile, under mild powdery mildew conditions, the GDH expression and GDH aminating activity increased with the increase of disease index (DI) at 21 and 28 DAA in Zhengmai 103 and at 10 – 15 DAA in Xi’nong 979. Under severe powdery mildew conditions, GDH expression and GDH aminating activity of Xi’nong 979 increased with the increase of DI during the period of 20 – 30 DAA. Therefore, both mild and severe powdery mildew stress could induce GDH expression and aminating activity. It showed that the main function of GDH in wheat grain was to assimilate ammonia, and powdery mildew could induce GDH expression and aminating activity.},
 year = {2023}
}

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