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Effect of Biofertilizers on the Phenolic Content in a Hybrid Family of Cacao After Leaf Infection with Phytophthora megakarya and Exogenous Application of Salicylic Acid
Simo Claude,
Minyaka Emile,
Tassong Saah Denis,
Njonzo-nzo Stephanie Alvine,
Djocgoue Pierre François,
Taffouo Victor Desire
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, May 2019
Pages:
84-94
Received:
31 March 2019
Accepted:
7 May 2019
Published:
29 May 2019
Abstract: In order to protect cacao against Phytophthora megakarya, the most aggressive pathogen of this plant in Cameroon, a study was carried out on hybrid genotypes of the family F79SA of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) to investigate the effect of inoculation of the biofertilizers Gigaspora margarita and Acaulospora tuberculata on the phenolic compound content in hybrid genotypes after leaf infection with Phytophthora megakarya and treatment of salicylic acid (SA). Thus, the phenolic compound content of hybrid genotypes of the family F79SA of T. cacao was evaluated after artificial infection of leaves with P. megakarya and treatment of salicylic acid without control and under control of biofertilizers. The artificial infection of P. megakarya and exogenous application of salicylic acid resulted in an increase in the accumulation of phenolic compounds (PC) in all genotypes. This increase was more important under the control of Gigaspora margarita and Acaulospora tuberculata and varied from one genotype to another. The PC content analysis map of these genotypes at different treatment conditions under the control of biofertilizers showed a gradual evolution of black coloration, a sign of the increase in phenolic compound content related to concentrations of salicylic acid and infected leaves in all hybrid genotypes thus expressing high tolerance. This map allowed to classify hybrid genotypes according to their level of tolerance. A negative and significant correlation (P = 0.05) was observed between the development of necrosis and the accumulation of phenolic compounds on one hand and between salicylic acid and the accumulation of phenolic compounds on the other hand. Salicylic acid can therefore be used in the cacao selection program in the absence of the pathogen for the identification of hybrid cacao genotypes as well as in other similar breeding programs.
Abstract: In order to protect cacao against Phytophthora megakarya, the most aggressive pathogen of this plant in Cameroon, a study was carried out on hybrid genotypes of the family F79SA of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) to investigate the effect of inoculation of the biofertilizers Gigaspora margarita and Acaulospora tuberculata on the phenolic compound conten...
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Relation of Meteorological Factors with Growth, Yield and Value of Flue-cured Tobacco in Young Seedlings Transplanting Modes Under to Above Film
Folin Li,
Ke Ren,
Xingwei Ji,
Yingcheng Guo,
Yidan Zhang,
Zhiming Hu,
Chenren Ouyang
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, May 2019
Pages:
95-105
Received:
12 March 2019
Accepted:
6 May 2019
Published:
12 June 2019
Abstract: To explore the transplanted pattern meteorological foundation, a set of 10 field experiments that including the pattern of 5 leaves age young seedling transplant modes under plastic mulching (YSTUPM) and 12 leaves age conventional pattern above plastic mulching (CPAPM) was conducted to analyze the relation of meteorological factors with the growth period, economic characteristics. The results showed that (1) There were the positively correlations, which day after transplanted (DAT) to root spreading stage with product of accumulation value of air temperature and sunshine hours (r=0.727**) and accumulation value of sunshine hours in the fast growing period (r=0.710**), DAT with daily mean of sunshine hours (r =0.673*) and accumulation value of sunshine hours in the maturity stage (r=0.675*); While the negatively correlations, which DAT with daily mean of rainfall (r =-0.723**), product by daily mean of air temperature and sunshine hours and rainfall (r =-0.764**), accumulation value of air temperature in the fast growing period (r =-0.693*). (2) There were the close correlations between the economic characteristics with the meteorological factors, Which in the whole field growing duration, which yield with daily mean of air temperature (r =0.773**), accumulation values of air temperature (r =0.880**), product by daily mean of air temperature and sunshine hours (r =0.888**); value with product by daily mean of air temperature and sunshine hours (r=0.825**), product by accumulation value of air temperature and sunshine hours (r=0.707*), accumulation values of air temperature (r=0.880**). while price were negatively correlations with daily mean of air temperature (r =-0.926**), accumulation values of air temperature (r =-0.745**), product by daily mean of air temperature and sunshine hours and rainfall (r =-0.590*), product by accumulation value of air temperature and sunshine hours and rainfall (r =-0.666*); the middle leaf with product by daily mean of air temperature and sunshine hours and rainfall (r =-0.601*). In the fast growing period, super leaf rate with product by accumulation value of air temperature and sunshine hours (r =0.629*), while the middle leaf rate with product by accumulation value of air temperature and sunshine hours (r =-0.653*).
Abstract: To explore the transplanted pattern meteorological foundation, a set of 10 field experiments that including the pattern of 5 leaves age young seedling transplant modes under plastic mulching (YSTUPM) and 12 leaves age conventional pattern above plastic mulching (CPAPM) was conducted to analyze the relation of meteorological factors with the growth ...
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Numerical Indicators of Absorption Spectra of Leaf Extracts Obtained from Conifer Family Plants
Vladimir Mikhaylovitch Koldaev,
Marina Sergeevna Titova
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, May 2019
Pages:
106-110
Received:
21 March 2019
Accepted:
27 April 2019
Published:
12 June 2019
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine the ratios of absorption by photosynthetic complex substances and other components of leaf extracts obtained from conifer family plants of different genera. Such ratios were determined by absorption spectrometry method using unconventional numerical values of absorption spectra, such as wave length of the highest maximum, coefficient of relative photoabsorption, blue-red coefficient, total absorption intensity and relative share of absorption by photosynthetic complex substances in total absorption. The intensity of light energy’s utilization by conifers was shown to be the highest among conifers of pine family, to be the lowest among spruce family plants and to have intermediate values among plants of fir and cypress genera. Numerical indicators of absorption spectra used in this article reflect the properties of photoreceptive system of coniferous plants and could be used in photosynthesis studies and also as criteria in environmental science and plant resources monitoring during assessment of the impact anthropogenic, climate and other factors have on coniferous forests.
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine the ratios of absorption by photosynthetic complex substances and other components of leaf extracts obtained from conifer family plants of different genera. Such ratios were determined by absorption spectrometry method using unconventional numerical values of absorption spectra, such as wave length of the hig...
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Effect of Rhizobium Inoculation, Phosphorus and Molybdenum in Yield, Yield Attributes and Nodulation of Cowpea under Mulched and Un-Mulched Field Condition
Roshan Dhakal,
Hom Prasad Sitaula,
Bibek Acharya,
Sagar Bhusal,
Suman Dhakal
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, May 2019
Pages:
111-118
Received:
16 May 2019
Accepted:
14 June 2019
Published:
26 June 2019
Abstract: Cowpea is an important source of nutrition being popular in Nepal. In order to study its effect on nodulation, yield and yield attributes, a research was conducted in the sandy loam soil of the horticulture farm of Agriculture and Forestry University in 2018. The experiment was laid out in factorial 2×5 RCBD which consists of mulched and un-mulched condition as 1st factor and rhizobium inoculation (R) at 1gm/ 16.66 gm seed, phosphorus (P) at recommended dose of 120kg/ha, use of R plus P (RP), RP plus Molybdenum (RPMo) at 2 gm per kg seed and control with no such application as 2nd factor. So altogether there are ten treatments with three replications. Regarding 1st factor, mulched treatment was found significantly superior than un-mulched treatment in case of all yield attributes like canopy, stem diameter and plant height. Yield and no of nodules per plant was found 312.61 gm and 121.63 respectively in mulched treatment which was highly significant (P < 0.001) than un-mulched. In case of 2nd factor, plant height at 60 days after sowing was found significantly superior in all applications than control. Yield and no of nodules per plant was found 312.53gm (P < 0.01) and 129.33 (P < 0.05) respectively in RPMo treatment which was statistically significant and at par with P, RP and R treatment respectively and lowest in control. The rise in number of nodules due to the different treatment applications had the high positive correlation (P < 0.01) with yield and yield attributes. There was no any significant interaction between the two factors. Use of mulching and RPMo treatment was found to be the most suitable combination for cowpea in sandy loam soil.
Abstract: Cowpea is an important source of nutrition being popular in Nepal. In order to study its effect on nodulation, yield and yield attributes, a research was conducted in the sandy loam soil of the horticulture farm of Agriculture and Forestry University in 2018. The experiment was laid out in factorial 2×5 RCBD which consists of mulched and un-mulched...
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Acoustic Properties of Albizia Adianthifolia (schum.) Wood in Relation to Moisture
Olaoye Kayode Oladayo,
Okanlawon Funmilayo Busola
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, May 2019
Pages:
119-125
Received:
16 May 2019
Accepted:
13 June 2019
Published:
26 June 2019
Abstract: Moisture in wood has been found to influence properties and performance of wood in service. The hygroscopic nature of wood makes it continuously absorb moisture from the environment and as such render wood unstable. Meanwhile, little or no information has been provided on few acoustic property of wood with respect to moisture. This study thus aim at providing more information about the acoustic properties of A. adianthifolia wood in relation to moisture. Three tress of A. adianthifolia wood were fell and samples were taken axially and radially. Acoustic test was done on the sample at green state, oven dried (OD) state and at equilibrium moisture content (EMC) state. many of the acoustic properties obtained at EMC were best such that mean fundamental frequency was 807.94HZ, specific elastic modulus – 12.65GPa, damping factor – 0.009, velocity of sound – 3542.66m/s, acoustic coefficient – 5.76, Sound quality – 126.01 and acoustic conversion efficiency – 731.75m4kg-1s-1. Optimal acoustic performance of this wood species was not recorded at oven dried state. Thus, this study revealed that a little amount of moisture in wood may be needed for optimal acoustic performance, and as such the wood of A. adianthifolia performed better at ambient temperature. However, studies into other wood species are needed to substantiate this claim.
Abstract: Moisture in wood has been found to influence properties and performance of wood in service. The hygroscopic nature of wood makes it continuously absorb moisture from the environment and as such render wood unstable. Meanwhile, little or no information has been provided on few acoustic property of wood with respect to moisture. This study thus aim a...
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